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Unit 3: Organic Chemistry - Coggle Diagram
Unit 3: Organic Chemistry
Naming (IUPAC)
Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes
Alkanes have only single bonds between carbons and Hydrogens, known as Saturated hydrocarbons
Alkenes have double bonds between the Carbons, known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. Can have Cis or Trans Varients. Cis means that both sides of the double carbon point up/down. Trans means one points up one points down
Alkynes have triple bonds between the carbons, also known as unsaturated hydrocarbons
Cyclic Structures, Hydrocarbons that connect on the ends
Cis/Trans (Only with Alkenes), Structural, Geometric, Optical Isomers
Aromatics
Benzene groups that create an aroma
Benzene is a cyclic structure with 6 carbons and 6 hydrogens, it has 6 bonds with delocalized electrons
Functional Groups
Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones, Acids, Ethers, Esters, Amines, Amides, Nitrile, Radical. Acid, Ester, Amide, Nitrile, Aldehyde, Ketone, Alcohol, Amine, Ether, Nitro, Halide, Radical
Reference picture of an organic compound with some Functional Groups
Primary - Connects to 1 Carbon
Secondary - Connects to 2 Carbons
Tertiary - Connects to 3 Carbons
Polymers
Condensation Polymers - Combining 1 or 2 monomers with functional groups, reaction produces water as a side product
Addition Polymers - Made by combining many monomers together, has 1 monomer, the product is an alkane chain
Reactions
Types: Combustion, Substitution, Addition, Elimination, Oxidation, Condensation, Synthesis of Amines
Connection to Unit 2: Thermo and Rates. The substitution reaction in Organic Chemistry actually has many side products based on how the reactants collide. This actually shows the Collision theory in action as different orientations lead to different reactions and not always the same product (Propagation steps, Termination Steps)
Retrosynthesis- Going through the flow chart of reactions to create a specific compound from another, typically going through multiple reactions
Properties of Organic Compounds
Connection to unit 1: Properties of solids, the boiling points and solubility in water of Organic Compounds is determined by the molecular polarity of the compound. Relating to unit 1
