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Ch:13 Transport Processes - Coggle Diagram
Ch:13 Transport Processes
Short Distance transport
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distance of a few cell diameter
Long Distance Transport
distance between cells that are not close neighbors
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Isolation Mechanism
inhibits movement of substances
Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport
Diffusion
movement of substances from high concentration to low
Osmosis
diffusion through membrane
Types of membranes
Completely impermeable
does not allow anything to pass
Freely permeable
allows all solute to diffuse through them
Selectively Permeable
allows certain solute to pass
Transport types
Active transport
transport using molecular pumps and ATP
Intracellular transport
vesicle transport and fuse with another organelle
aquaporins
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membrane protein channel
Water Potential
water having ability to do work and has free energy
Pressure Potential
effect of pressure on water potential
Megapascals or bars are unit of pressure
Osmotic potential
effect of solute on water
Matric Potential
water's adhesion to non dissolved structures
Cells and Water Movement
Lysis
brusting of cells when placed on pure water
The Water Available in Air
air supplies rain to land plants
adapted to environment to take up water
incipient plasmolysis
loss of water just enough to pull slightly away from wall
Plasmolyzed
cell pulling away from wall due to loss of water
Short Distance Intercellular Transport
plants communicating with neighboring cells
symplast
protoplasm of a whole plant
appoplast
movement of small molecules through both wall and intracellular space
Guard Cells
Helps opening and closing stomata
open and close to maintain equilibrium
influence the transport of potassium
Motor Cells
the location of flexure
can store or excrete potassium to adjust water potential and turgidity
aquaporins helps to virtually collapse to trap
For ex: Venus fly trap,
Mimosa pudica
Transfer Cells
smooth walls, finger like projections
found where short distance transport is active
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Long Distance Transport: Phloem
Pressure Flow Hypothesis
Flow of nutrients through phloem
sources: sites from where water and nutrients are transported
sugars are actively transported
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Plhoem is loaded by polymer trap mechanism
has CC complex/ STM
mass transfer
amount of sugar and other nutrients transported per hour
Sinks
receives transported phloem sap and very diverse
Long Distance Transport: Xylem
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Properties of Water
Cohesive
interaction of water molecules
Adhesive
interaction of water molecule with other substances
lipids do not interact with water
Water Transport through Xylem
Cohesion-tension hypothesis
mostly widely accepted
when stomata are open, they allow water loss
transstomatal transpiration
For ex:
Betula pendula, Picea abies
transcuticular transpiration
water lost through cuticle
For Ex:
Stachys recta
,
Coronilla varia
Control Of Water Transport through Gaird Cells
water movement through xylem by water loss
Open stomata means water loss and CO2 gains
light, adequate moisture, CO2 are very important
In CAM plants, stomata open at night and close in morning
