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Transport Layer - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
        
        RFC 793
        
        Connection-oriented – creating a session between source and destination
        
        Reliable delivery – retransmitting lost or corrupt data
        
        Ordered data reconstruction – numbering and sequencing of segments
        
        Flow control - regulating the amount of data transmitted
        
        Stateful protocol – keeping track of the session
    - - User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
        
        RFC 768
        
        Connectionless
        
        Unreliable delivery
        
        No ordered data reconstruction
        
        No flow control
        
        Stateless protocol
      - Applications that use UDP
        
        Domain Name System (DNS)
        
        Video Streaming
        
        Voice over IP (VoIP)
    - - Port Numbers are used by TCP and UDP to differentiate between applications.
    - - Netstat
        
        Used to examine TCP connections that are open and running on a networked host
  - - - Three-Way Handshake
        
        Establishes that the destination device is present on the Informs the destination device that the source client intends to establish a communication session on that port number.network.
        
        Verifies that the destination device has an active service and is accepting requests on the destination port number that the initiating client intends to use for the session.
        
        Informs the destination device that the source client intends to establish a communication session on that port number.
    - - Step 1: The initiating client requests a client-to-server communication session with the server.
    - - Step 2: The server acknowledges the client-to-server communication session and requests a server-to-client communication session.
    - - Step 3: The initiating client acknowledges the server-to-client communication session.
  - - - Sequence numbers used to reassemble segments into original order
    - - The sequence number and acknowledgement number are used together to confirm receipt.
  - - - UDP-based server applications are assigned well-known or registered port numbers.
      - UDP client process randomly selects port number from range of dynamic port numbers as the source port.
- - - - TCP/IP used two protocols
        
        User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
        
        Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
      - Primary Responsibilities of Transport layer Protocols
        
        Tracking the individual communication between applications on the source and destination hosts
        
        Segmenting data for manageability and reassembling segmented data into streams of application data at the destination
        
        Identifying the proper application for each communication stream
    - - Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
        
        Provides reliable delivery ensuring that all of the data arrives at the destination.
        
        Uses acknowledged delivery and other processes to ensure delivery
        
        Makes larger demands on the network – more overhead
      - User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
        
        Provides just the basic functions for delivery – no reliability
        
        Less overhead
      - TCP or UDP
        
        There is a trade-off between the value of reliability and the burden it places on the network.
        
        Application developers choose the transport protocol based on the requirements of their applications