Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Research Methods - Coggle Diagram
Research Methods
hypotheses and variables
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
confounding variable: factors that may cause a result when they are not controlled they affect that are not truthfully related
hypotheses: a statement that is made at the start of the study that clearly states the relationship between variables
observations
-
-
-
-
-
controlled observations: takes place where some variables are controlled and changed by the researcher. takes place in a more unnatural environment
-
ethical issues
consent
-
presumptive consent: rather than getting consent themselves a similar group of people are asked if the study is acceptable, if they agree then consent is presumed
prior general consent: participants give their consent to take part in many different studies one including deception
retrospective consent: participants are asked for their consent having already taken part in the study. They may not have been aware they were in the study
-
debreifing: is important if deception has taken place and if participants have not fully given consent
debriefing should: explain the study, explain what results are expected, explain participant results, ask participants if they want to withdraw
-
-
-
sampling
self selected sampling: consists of participants becoming part of a study because they volunteer when asked or respond to an advert
-
stratified sampling: involves classifying the population into categories and then choosing a sample which consists of participants from each category in the same proportions as they are in in the population
-
opportunity sampling: consists of taking the sample from the people who are available at the time of the study when it is being carried out and fit the criteria
kinds of data
-
-
-
-
measures of dispersion: are based on the spread of scores how far scores vary and differ from one another
control of variables
demand characteristics: in the research situation participants will try to work out what's going on and change their behaviour from cues
standardisation: where all participants are subject to the same environment, information and experience
randomisation: refers to the use of chance wherever possible to reduce the researchers influence or the design of he investigation
-
correlations
-
-
the coefficient correlation: mathematical value, a value of +1 is perfect positive correlation, a value of -1 is perfect negative correlation
-
experimental design
independent measures design: participants only take part in one condition of the experiment ( 2 separate groups)
-
matched pairs design: participants are matched in each condition for characteristics that may have an effect on their performance
interviews
-
unstructured: questions are open and therefore the structure of the interview is flexible the researcher is free to explore the points of interest
-
-
procedure/reviews
-
double blind: neither the participants or the experimenter knows the aims of the research to avoid demand characteristics and investigator effects
-