3.18 Inheritance

1.characteristics pass via reproduction

asexual reproduction

sexual reproduction

2 organism

involve gametes

fertilisation

offspring receive some genes

2.genes (genetic information)

diploid ---> carries same gene (homologous pair)

gene consist of allele --> code the characteristics

allele : variations of the same gene

type

two alleles of a gene are the same : homozygous

two alleles of a gene are different : heterozygous

3.homozygous

produce offspring with exactly the same genotype and phenotype as the parents , known as pure breeding

definition

genotype :combination of alleles that control each characteristic

observable characteristics of an organism: phenotype

dominant : capital letter

recessive: small letter

  1. heterozygous

individual can pass on different alleles for the same characteristic each time it is bred with any other individual

produce offspring with a different genotype and phenotype than the parents

heterozygous individuals are not pure breeding