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A Critique of Current Thinking in Sustainable Tourism Management - Coggle…
A Critique of Current Thinking in Sustainable Tourism Management
the key issues in the sustainable tourism debate
private vesus public transport
tourist enjoy the flexibility and freedom which using their own cars offer
public transport system are often inconvenient
ecotourism
characteristics that make the eotourism product to be sustainable
desire of participants to learn more about destination than average tourist
attempt to maximize a contact with indigenous people
the small size of most people
tourist education
to educate tourist to make them more concerned about the environmental impacts of tourism and the principle of sustainable tourism
the ethic practicalities of conservation
is about conserving current resources so they can support tourism in the future
Tourist taxes & fair pricing
2 main way to help develop sustainable tourism
changing tourist taxes that are enough to discourage some tourists from visiting certain places, thus reduce demanding and problems which flow from over uses
Using the funds generate by tourist taxes to help pay for the maintenance and development of the local tourism infrastructure
Role of industry
the industry often appears to be more concerned with sustainable tourism than consumers
technocratic thinking
academic and policy-makers know that achieving sustainable tourism will mean influencing tourist and industry.
role of public sector planning
Commentators assumes that public sector tourism planning will play a major role in the development of sustainable tourism because:
scepticism about state planning and alleged lack of achievement
the climate of de-regulation and privatization
the growing power of transnational corporations
power without responsibility
sustainable tourism debate that it can involve people seeking to have the power over the lives of other people, without necessarily having any responsibility toward these same people
ex : Decision - makers
Concept of carrying capacity
type of carrying capacity
physical capacity
environmental / ecological capacity
economics capacity
social capacity
perceptual capacity
infrastructure capacity
self-contained resort complexes
Ex : Sandals, Club Med and Sun City
the conventional view would normally be critical of such complexes because of the lacks of contact between tourists and local people
visitor management
management technique to manage tourism area where it is seen to be having a negative impacts
De-marketing (places, times & people)
involve manipulating the marketing mix / 4 p's
community involvement & local control
appear of idea that the tourism can only be sustainable if the local community is involved in tourism planning and management
principle of partnership
sustainable tourism cannot be achieved by public sector policy only because most of public bodies lacks of budget.
2 form of the concept of partnership:
The visitor and convention bureaux
Government
the green tourist
Ex: switching from the use of private cars ti public transport for their holiday trips
Shades of green tourist
Not at all green
light green
dark green
totally green
Emphasis on the physical environment
the concept of sustainable development clearly has social and economics implications, the emphasis in the debate still tend to focus largely on the physical environment
Foreign influence in developing countries
the ways that the concept of sustainable has probably increase the power and influences of the developed countries such as
Environmental and sustainable tourism pressure groups in the northern hemisphere
Foreign tour operators are pressuring government and businesses in developing countries
The academics and consultant who are active in sustainable tourism field come from the northern hemisphere
Value judgement and lacks of factual evidence
lacks of performance indicators
impossible to identify performance indicators and target that will allow industry to monitor its success