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Reproductive System, Mykayla Sohn, Period 2 - Coggle Diagram
Reproductive System, Mykayla Sohn, Period 2
Major functions of the reproductive system
Female
developing a fetus if fertilization occurs
Giving birth to the baby
Providing a site for fertilization
Breastfeeding a baby after birth
Producing Gametes
(eggs or ova)
Male
To discharge sperm within the female reproductive tract during sex
To produce and secrete male sex hormones
To produce, maintain, transport sperm and semen
Anatomy of male reproductive structures
Epididymis
Transports sperm from the testes tot he vas deferens
Vas deferens
A duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.
Testes
An organ which produces male reproductive cells
prostate
Functions to work together with the sperm to create a fluid called semen
Scrotum
A sac containing the testicles
seminal vesicles
Secrete fluid that party composes the semen
Penis
Genital organ, carrying the duct for the transfer of sperm
Anatomy of female reproductive structures
Cervix
Two main functions
Maintains sterility of the upper female reproductive tract.
Facilitates the passage of sperm into the uterine cavity.
Uterus
The main function is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.
Vagina
Three main functions
Receives the penis during sexual intercourse and holds the sperm until they pass into the uterus
Provides a passage way for child birth
Provides a passageway for blood to leave the body during a menstrual cycle
Fallopian tubes
Main function is to provide a stable environment for fertilization and transport the egg from the ovary.
Vulva
The main functions of the vulva are to: protect the internal parts of the female reproductive system (labia majora and minora) play a role in sexual arousal and stimulation (clitoris) facilitate sex, such as through providing lubrication (Bartholin's glands) and cushioning (mons pubis)
Ovaries
Three important functions
Secrete hormones
Protect the eggs a female is born with
Release eggs for possible fertilization
Hormones of the reproductive system
Male
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Stimulates the Gonads (testes)
testosterone
Regulates: sex drive, bone and muscle mass, fat distribution,and the production of red blood cell and sperm.
luteinizing hormone (LH)
Stimulates testosterone release by the Leydig cells of the testes
Female
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Helps control the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of eggs in the ovaries.
Leutenizing hormone (LH)
Helps control the menstrual cycle and triggers the release of an egg from the ovary.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Causes the anterior pituitary gland to release the gonadotropins.
Estrogen
Functions to regulate the menstrual cycle, estrogen affects the reproductive tract, the urinary tract, the heart and blood vessels, bones, breasts, skin, hair, mucous membranes, pelvic muscles, and the brain.
Progesterone
Function: It triggers the uterus lining to thicken to accept a fertilized egg. It also prohibits the muscle contractions in the uterus that would cause the body to reject an egg.
Events of the female hormonal cycle
Ovarian Cycle
Ovulation
Day 14/ Triggered by sudden spike increase in LH
Luteal phase
Day 15-28/ when the follicle expels the oocyte the empty shell becomes corpus luteum
Follicular phase
Day 1-14/ Follicular cells secrete estrogen
Uterine Cycle
Proliferative Phase
Day 6-14/ Thickening of the endometrium allows implantation
Secretory Phase
Day 15-28/ Uterus becomes ready for pregnancy
Menstruation
Day 1-5/ Decline of estrogen and progesterone, cells become ischemic and die, and are shed through bleeding
Disorders associated with the reproductive system.
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
STD/STI
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Gonorrhoea
Chlamydia
Syphilis
HSV
syphilis, gonorrhea and herpes