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Reproductive System Ngoc Nguyen Period:5 - Coggle Diagram
Reproductive System Ngoc Nguyen Period:5
Anatomy of Male Reproductive Structures
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Anatomy of the Sperm :check:
Acrosome: Contains enzyme needed to penetrate the female egg
Midpiece: Contain ATP, and provide energy
Head: Contains nucleus with DNA
Flagella: Only human cell wit a tail
Male accessory Organs :check:
Seminal Vesicle
Contains fructose (sugar)
Substances that nourish
and activate the sperm.
Location: At the base of the
urinary bladder
60% of volume of semen
Bulbourethral Gland
Lubricates penis for penetration
just before ejaculation.
Pre-ejaculate cleanses neutralizes the traces of
acidic urine.
Location: the penis below the prostate
Also called Cowper's gland
Makes up 5% of semen
Prostate Gland
Secretes a milky fluid that
helps activate sperm
Location: upper part of the urethra
Shape of chestnut
Makes up 25% of semen
Penis :check:
Glans penis (enlarged tip): contain urethral opeing
Prepuce (foreskin): Fold cuff of skin
Shaft(body): movable portion of penis
Root: attacked to body wall
Prostate Cancer :check:
2nd most common cancer among man
Symptoms: may have none at early stages
Anatomy of Female Reproductive Structures
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Support For Ovaries :check:
Ovarian ligament: attach ovary to uterus
Broad Ligament: encloses suspensory ligament
Suspensory ligament: secures ovary to lateral walls of pelvis
Oogenesis :check:
Ovulation (ability to release eggs)
Reproductive ability ends at menopause
Total supply of eggs are present at birth
Matured oocyte (eggs) are called Graafian follicle just before being released
Process of producing ova /ovum (egg cells)
Ovaries :check:
Primary female sex organ
Fibrous capsule is called tunica albuginea
Paired, almond-shaped organ on either side of uterus
Female gonal
Uterine(fallopian) tube :check:
Does not physically attach to the ovary
Supported by the broad ligament
Provide a site for fertilization
Receive the ovulated oocyte
Tubal Ligation :check:
Uterine tubes are cut and ligated (tied)
Sperm cells cannot reach the egg
Uterus :check:
Functions:
Retain the fertilized egg
Nourishes the fertilized egg
Receive a fertilized egg
Support for Uterus
Round ligament: anchor interiorly
Uterosacral ligament: anchored posteriorly
Broad ligament: attached to the pelvis
Located: the urinary bladder and rectum
Walls of Uterus : : : :check:
Endometrium: Inner layer
Myometrium: middle layer of smooth musclem
Perimetrium: outer visceral peritoneum (covering of abdominal organs)
Mammary Glands :check:
Function: to produce milk (lactation)
Present in both sexes
Modified sweat glands
Colostrum: first milk produced. Orange/yellow color
Hormones of Reproductive System Female
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Luteinizing Hormone (LH) :check:
Trigger ovulation of the most mature follicle (only one)
Both LH and FSH
Spike of hormone
Released by anterior piituiary gland in the brain
Inhibin :check:
Decrease
Release of FSH by anterior pituitary gland
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) :check:
Development and matruration of primary
Than follicle into secondary follicle
Estrogen :check:
Low levels causes release of FSH
High levels causes release of LH and GnRH
Stimulates growth of uterus, vaginal.
Thickening of uterine wall
Primary female sex
hormone released by follicle (in ovary)
Onset of menstrual cycle
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) :check:
Released by hypothalamus in the brain
Release LH and FSH (same as males)
Stimulate anterior pituitary gland
During puberty
Female Hormonal :star: Cycles
Ovarian Cycle :check:
Ovulation
Triggered by sudden spike increase in LH
Graafian follicle releases the oocyte
Day 14
3.
Luteal Phase
Follicle expels to oocyte
Corpus luteum secretes progesterone, some
estrogen, and inhibin which suppresses FSH
Day 15-28
Funicular Phase
Day 1-14
Extends from the beginning of menstruation until
.ovulation
Follicular cells secrete estrogen to become secondary.
Only one Follicle become Graafian Follicle.
Uterine (Menstruation) cycle :check:
2.
Proliferative phase
Days 6-14
Estrogen stimulates growth of blood vessels of the endometrium
Thickning of endometrium
3.
Secretory phase
Day 15-28
The uterus becomes ready for pregnancy
Uterine glands enlarge and secrete nutrients to sustain the embryo until implantation occurs
4.
Menopause
Usually between 45-55
Menstrual cycle ceases
Ovaries no longer responsive to hormones released by
anterior pituitary.
1.
Menstruation
Decline of estrogen and progestrone
Bleeding last for 3-5 days
Day 1-5
Hormones of Reproductive System Male
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Interstrial (leydig) cells
Found surrounding seminderous tubules produce androgens (male hormone) such as testosterone
Gonads produce gametes sex cells) and secrete hormones
Main Function of The Reproductive System Male&Female
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Testes/Male
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1.Testes:
primary
sex organ
2.Sperm: male gamete
2.Ductus deferens (Vas deferens)
1.Epididymis/
Secondary Accessory
3.Urethra
Ovaries/Female
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1.Mon pubis/
External Genitalia
2.Labia
Vagina
3.Vastibule
2.Uterus
1.Uterine (Fallopian) tub/
Secondary accessory
1.Ovaries/
primary
female sex organs
4.Clitoris