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Neurodevelopmental Disorders - Coggle Diagram
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Manifest in early stage of development
Often the symptoms appear before the child enters school or during the early stage of schooling
Result in hampering personal+ social+ academic+ occupational functioning
Get characterised as deficits/ excesses in particular behaviour or delays in achieving particular age-appropriate behaviour
Disorders not attended
More serious+ chronic disorders as
the child moves into adulthood
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Widespread impairments in social interaction & communication skills + Stereotyped patterns of behaviours, interests & activities
Children have
restricted range of interests
strong desire for routine
marked difficulties in social interaction & communication across different contexts
70% children have intellectual disabilities
Children
profound difficulties in relating to other people
are unable to initiate social behaviour+ seem unresponsive to other people’s feelings
are unable to share experiences/ emotions with others
show serious abnormalities in communication and language that persist over time
many never develop speech + those who do, have repetitive & deviant speech patterns
Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)
Main Features
Inattention
Difficult to sustain mental effort during work/ play
Have hard time keeping their minds on any one thing/ in following instructions
Common complaints
Is disorganised+ easily distracted+ forgetful
Doesn't finish assignments
Doesn't follow instructions
Is quick to lose interest in boring activities
Can't concentrate
Doesn't listen
Hyperactivity-impulsivity
Impulsive Children
Find it difficult to wait/ take turns
Have difficulty resisting immediate temptations/ delaying gratification
Are unable to control immediate reactions/ to think before they act
Minor mishaps (knocking things over) common
More serious accidents+ injuries can also occur
Hyperactive Children
Are in constant motion
Sitting still through a lesson is impossible
Fidget+ squirm+ climb+ run around room aimlessly
‘Driven by a motor’+ always on the go+ talk incessantly