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History of Anti-Asian Violence in the USA - Coggle Diagram
History of Anti-Asian Violence in the USA
Erika Lee testifying to Congress subcommittee on civil and constitutional rights in March, 2021
“hate crimes targeting Asian people rose by nearly 150 percent in sixteen of America’s largest cities”
“The violence also stems from America’s longstanding practice of identifying foreigners — and those perceived to be foreign —with disease.”
Hatred for Covid lumps all Asians together
Huge increase of hate crimes against Asian-Americans in NYC from 2020 to 2021 by 2,500%
Asian hate since Covid-19 pandemic → Asian americans blamed for virus
Language matters → chinese virus, kung flu, etc → white house/congress members using these terms has power
"Researchers found that the anti-Chinese rhetoric promoted by leaders directly correlated with a rise in racist incidents against Asian Americans."
“The government of this country has not just ignored this problem. It has been part of the problem.”
“Asian immigration was not placed on equal footing with other immigrant groups until 1965.”
Not model minority→ their experiences and oppression have been invisible in public narratives and have been systematically oppressed by US government
8.5% of essential healthcare workers are Asian
Almost ⅓ of nurses who have died from Covid in US are Filipino→ but only 4% of US nurses
These acts are not individual/isolated → they are systemic
“they are not random acts perpetrated by deranged individuals. They are an expression of our country’s long history of systemic racism and racial violence targeting Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.”
The author walks the reader through various instances of Anti-asian hate throughout American history, illustrating the fact that these are not isolated incidents, but rather systemic, historic violence that is allowed to manifest by the US government
Government hasn’t just ignored this violence, they have actively created the violence→ promoted hateful laws
1882 Chinese exclusion act → not repealed til 1943→ made it almost impossible to enter or reenter as Chinese or Chinese American person, barred Chinese Americans from citizenship→ first law to exclude whole ethnic group
FDR signed Executive Order 9066 in February of 1942
government-initiated forced relocation and mass incarceration of 120,000 Japanese Americans
Sent to prison camps without trial for duration of WWII
⅔ were american born citizens
forced relocation and imprisonment of Japanese Americans during WWII
host's grandfather's family left home, left farm
left with only crate of rocks
Rock slide — heart mountain
Japanese American incarceration on indigenous land
Concentration camp activities
Made rock gardens in camps → Japanese tradition
Way to make beauty in a terrible environment
Polish rocks in camp, collecting things
Japanese Americans barred from becoming American citizens
“Isse” (??) are immigrants
Silence is a strong indication of trauma for children of those forced into camps
Japanese Americans burn family photos and heirlooms and stuff bc didn’t want that to be taken as loyalties to foreign enemy nations
Family members taken if have any signs of previous life
Discriminatory laws against Asian Americans throughout American history
Alien land law passed in Cali in 1913 and then other states followed suit
Targeted immigrants who weren’t eligible for citizenship— illegal to sign long term leases or own land
Japanese workers flexed their economic power through unions, so plantation owners introduced other workers into market economy (like Philippine workers) to break their unionizing power
System of management of people, land, and labor
Immigration act of 1924-- Last immigrants arrived in 1924
By WWII most were adults
1942 FDR signed executive order 9066 paving the way for the forced removal and incarceration of 120k people of Japanese ancestry on west coast