VECTOR CALCULUS

MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS

POINT FORM

INTEGRAL FORM

BASICS CONCEPTS IN VECTOR CALCULUS IN CARTESIAN COORDINATE SYSTEMS

DIFFERENTIAL DISPLACEMENT

DIFFERENTIAL NORMAL AREA

DIFFERENTIAL VOLUME

BASICS CONCEPTS IN VECTOR CALCULUS IN CYLINDRICAL COORDINATE SYSTEMS

DIFFERENTIAL DISPLACEMENT

DIFFERENTIAL NORMAL AREA

DIFFERENTIAL VOLUME

THE AREA ELEMENTS IN CYLINDRICAL SYSTEMS

BASICS CONCEPTS IN VECTOR CALCULUS IN SPHERICAL COORDINATE SYSTEMS

THE DIFFERENTIAL DISPLACEMENT

THE DIFFERENTIAL NORMAL AREA

THE DIFFERENTIAL VOLUME

THE AREA ELEMENTS IN SPHERICAL SYSTEMS

LINE,SURFACE AND VOLUME INTEGRALS

Del OPERATOR

ALSO KNOWN AS THE GRADIENT OPERATOR

IS NOT A VECTOR IN ITSELF,BUT WHEN IT OPERATES ON A SCALAR FUNCTION,THE PRODUCT IS A VECTOR

USEFUL IN FINDING THE GRADIENT OF A scalar V

USEFUL IN FINDING THE DIVERGENCE OF A vector A

USEFUL IN FINDING THE CURL OF A vector A

USEFUL IN FINDING THE Laplacian OF A scalar V

In CYLINDRICAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

In SPHERICAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

GRADIENT OF A SCALAR

THE GRADIENT OF A SCALAR field V is A VECTOR THAT REPRESENTS BOTH THE MAGNITUDE AND THE DIRECTION OF THE MAXIMUM SPACE RATE OF INCREASE of V

CARTESIAN COORDINATES

CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES

SPHERICAL COORDINATES

DIVERGENCE OF A VECTOR AND DIVERGENCE THEOREM

IS THE OUTWARD FLUX PER UNIT VOLUME AS THE VOLUME SHRINKS about P.

CARTESIAN SYSTEM

CYLINDRICAL SYSTEM

SPHERICAL SYSTEM

DIVERGENCE THEOREM

THE TOTAL OUTWARD FLUX OF A VECTOR field A through a CLOSED surface S is THE SAME AS THE VOLUME INTEGRAL OF THE DIVERGENCE of A.

NOTE : A CLOSE SURFACE INSIDE A VECTOR FIELD HOLDS NO NET FLUX; THE TOTAL FLUX INTO THE SURFACE WILL GO OUT OF THE SURFACE COMPLETELY!

CURL OF VECTOR

THE CURL of A IS AN AXIAL (OR ROTATIONAL) VECTOR WHOSE MAGNITUDE IS THE MAXIMUM CIRUCLATION of A per unit AREA AS THE AREA LENDS TO ZERO AND WHOSE DIRECTION IS THE NORMAL DIRECTION OF THE AREA WHEN THE AREA IS ORIENTED SO AS TO MAKE THE CIRCULATION MAXIMUM

CURL IN DETERMINANT FORM

CARTESIAN SYSTEM

CYLINDRICAL SYSTEM

SPHERICAL SYSTEM

STROKE'S THEOREM

STATES THAT THE CIRCULATION OF A VECTOR field A around a (closed) path L is equal to the SURFACE INTEGRAL OF THE CURL of A over the open surface S bounded by L provided that A and .... are continuous on S.

THE PROOF OF STROKE'S THEOREM

LAPLACIAN OF A SCALAR

IN CARTESIAN COORDINATES

IN CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES

IN SPHERICAL COORDINATES

CURL AND DIV FOR CLASSIFICATION OF VECTOR FIELDS

DEFINITIONS: SOLENOIDAL AND POTENTIAL

HELMHOLTZ'S THEOREM

CONSERVATIVE VECTOR FIELD

A vector field A is conservative if its line integral possesses of these two properties :-

THE LINE INTEGRAL FROM A POINT P TO A POINT Q IS INDEPENDENT OF THE PATH

THE LINE INTEHRAL AROUND ANY CLOSED PATH IS ZERO