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THE PRINCIPLE OF MASYAQQAH, Necessity renders prohibited things…
THE PRINCIPLE OF MASYAQQAH
The reasons of Leniency
can shorten & combined for of solat
Solat Zuhur instead of Jumaat prayer
Permission to defer obligatory fasting
Person who force to eat haram food
Person who is force to say something Kufr
Those who suffer the disease are excused to perform solat in unclean (najis) condition
Sickness
Can tayammum instead of wudu'
Can escape jemaah prayer
Permission to defer obligatory fasting
Those who has share in the partnership property, did nor know that his partner has sold that property, his right in that property cannot be dispelled.
Types of Rukhsah
Rukhsah Isqat
The facility to drop the obligation/burden.
Examples: To drop the obligation to perform Jumaat prayer, hajj etc. because of sickness. The facility to drop must come from the Shari‟ah.
Rukhsah Tanqis
The facility to lessen or reduce the obligation/burden.
Example: Shortening the prayer (qasar) during the journey.
Rukhsah Ibdal
The facility to replace.
Example: To replace wudhu‟with tayammum in case of
unavailability of water.
Rukhsah Taghyir
The facility to change.
Examples: Performing khauf prayer during the war (the ways the prayer is perform is different from the normal ways).
Rukhsah Ittirar
The facility to tarkhis to ease the burden.
Examples: Consuming food or drink that contain liquor or unclean ingredient for the purpose of medication.
Rukhsah Taqdim & Ta‟khir
The facility to perform in advance or the facility to delay the performance.
Examples: Jama‟taqdim prayer (performing Asar prayer in Zuhur prayer time) and performing Zuhur prayer during Asar prayer time (Jama‟ta‟khir)
Related maxims
Necessities are estimated according to their quantity (ACT 22)
It means a thing is permitted on account of an excuse become unlawful
Example: a cup of liquor is needed to save his life, then its applys for particular amount only.
Whatever is permissible owing to some excuses ceases to be permissible with the disappearance of the excuse (ACT23)
Means the necessary and darurat is no longer exist.
Example: if a person is interdicted because of madness, the intherdirection is left upon his recovery.
Necessity renders prohibited things permissible (ACT 21)
It refers to prohibited things which are allowed to be carried out under extreme circumstances.
For instance: person is allowed to consume prohibited food in order to survive the extreme circumstance.