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Theoretical Frameworks, Methods, and Procedures for Conducting
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Theoretical Frameworks, Methods, and Procedures for Conducting
Phenomenological Studies in Educational Settings
Methodological Framework
Lived Experience: Phenomenological research investigates the lived experience of participants with a phenomenon.
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Epoché: used by Husserl meaning to stay away or abstain from presupposition or judgments about the phenomena under the investigation. Epoché allows the researcher to be bias-free to describe the reality from an objective perspective
Phenomenological Reduction: to describe individual experiences through textural language.
- Requires reducing the data of
experiences to the invariant constituents, also called the meaning units or horizons.
Imaginative Variation: Is a phenomenological analysis process that follows phenomenological reduction and depends purely on researchers' imagination rather than empirical data.
Co-researchers: Moustakas (1994) defined all research participants as co-researchers because the essence of the phenomena is derived from participants’ perceptions and experiences, regardless of the interpretation of the researcher.
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