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EVOLUTION a change in the characteristics of a population - Coggle Diagram
EVOLUTION
a change in the characteristics of a population
Adaptation
A physical trait or behaviour that makes an organism better suited to the environment
Microevolution
change in gene frequencies within a population (within a species)
Antibiotic resistance
Human evolution
The genus homo
Homo habilis (2.5 - 1.5 MYA)
"Handy man" who is able to speak
Homo erectus (1.9 - 0.5 MYA)
Cave dweller with an increased cranial capacity; could make a fire and use better tools
Homo neanderthalensis (0.5 MYA - 40,000 YA)
Carnivore who lived in groups
Homo sapiens (300,000 YA to today)
Cro-magnon - earliest form
Anthropogenesis
The development of humans, the study of the process of becoming human
Africa = where it all began
Fossils indicate that humans evolved in Africa, and later on left the continent to inhabit other parts of the world
Coevolution
When two species evolve together
Genetic drift
When gene frequencies in a population change due to an event which is NOT natural selection
Mutation
Mutation are the base of evolution
Random mutations cause genetic variation
Through reproduction, the new alleles spread
Mutation difference between humans and and apes
Humans
46 chromosomes
22 pairs of homologous chromosomes (chromosomes containing maternal and paternal DNA)
Apes
48 chromosomes
UV radiation causes a mutation in yeast cells (eukaryotic cells - with a central nucleus - from the kingdom Fungi) and damages/kills them
Sometimes viruses mutate, which makes them harder to control
Coronavirus
Macroevolution
evolution of groups (larger than within a species)
Natural selection
The process where organisms adapted (with better traits for the specific environment) survive longer and produce offspring
Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace worked on the theory of evolution and natural selection
