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MORPHOLOGY, PHONETICS, morpheme is the smallest unit of sound that…
MORPHOLOGY
The morphology of a language is better understood as a set of processes that connect one class of words to another, rather than as a collection of constituent morphemic elements that can be combined to form complex words.
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Some languages, like ancient Greek or Georgian, have a great deal of inflectional morphology, while others (like English) have much less, and some (like Vietnamese) have hardly any at all.
Morphology is a part of the grammar of any language, and in some cases, it beats syntax in terms of expressive ability.
PHONETICS
ARTICULATORY PHONETICS 
The study of how speech sounds are produced focuses on the movements and positions of our speech organs.
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VOWELS
• Produced with no significant blockage
of air as it is pushed out of the lungs
• Quality depends on shape of vocal
tract as air passes through:
• Tongue Position (high or low/front
or back)
•Lips either pursed (rounded) or
spread
• Velum either raised or lowered
(nasalization)
• Tense (greater tension of tongue
muscle – longer) or Lax (lesser
tension)
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AUDITORY PHONETICS
auditory phonetics focuses on the perception of sounds or the way in which sounds are heard and interpreted.
audition proper : the perception of sounds by our auditory apparatus and the transforming of the information into a neural sign and its sending to the brain
the analysis of an information by the brain which eventually leads to the decoding of the message, the understanding of the verbal message
ACOUSTIC PHONETICS
Propagation of sound
sine wave
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Pure tone
basic of complex, periodic sounds
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The study of the physical properties of speech, and aims to analyse sound wave signals that occur within speech.
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The study of the production and reception of speech sound
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i) inflectional
- process of word formation in which items are added to the base form of a word to express grammatical meanings
ii) derivational
- the process of forming a new word from an existing word, often by adding a prefix or suffix, such as un- or -ness
example : eat, date, weak
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example : films, filming, filmed
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example : unimportant, helper
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Diphthongs
• Monophthongs = single sound
•Diphthongs = combined vowel sounds (begins with a vowel
sound & ends with glides /j/ or /w/)
An affix that is placed at the beginning and end of a word is called " circumfix "
example : un-bear-able
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