THE THREE DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

  1. THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION
  1. THE ECONOMIC DIMENSION
  1. THE SOCIAL DIMENSION

The scope of the concept of the environment

  1. The farmed environment
  2. The built environment
  3. Natural resources
  4. The natural environment
  5. Wildlife

Major potential impacts of tourism on the natural environment

  1. Floral and faunal species composition
  2. Erosion
  3. Natural resources
  4. Pollution
  5. Visual impact
  • The aims are to maximize tourist spending and then to minimize the leakages of tourism income from the local economy.

BENEFITS

Job creation

Injection of income into the local economy through the multiplier effect

Keep local business viable

Regeneration of the economies of towns and cities

Stimulates industrial investment

COSTS

Jobs are low paid/seasonal

Opportunity costs (money invested cannot be used for other purposes)

Congestion

Need to invest in expensive infrastructure

Overdependence on tourism

The focus is the ‘host community’


The desire to ‘protect’ host communities from the excesses and negative effects of tourism.

The scope of the social dimension of sustainable tourism

  1. THE TOURIST
  2. FOREIGN TOUR OPERATORS
  3. DESTINATION GOVERNMENT
  4. LOCAL TOURISMINDUSTRY
  5. HOST COMMUNITY

The potential impacts of tourism on host cultures and communities

Heritage

Language

Religion

Traditional arts

Traditional lifestyles – suka dduk kampung tpi xpernah pergi

Values and behavior – how to appreciate local value

Host population