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Tourist Behaviour and Travel Trends - Coggle Diagram
Tourist Behaviour and Travel Trends
Issues for Asia-Pacific region
Diverse region & difficult to generalise about tourism
Impressive growth between 1950s & 1990s
Reasons of fast growth
Many countries are still relatively poor
Wide variety of attractions within the region
Existence of Pacific-Asia Travel Association (PATA)
Region has world class airports
eg; Changi Airport
High levels of political stability in 1970s & 80s
Governments have welcomed foreign investment
Developed a reputation for smiling, hospitable staff
Region became world leader in the backpacker market
Factors slowing growth
Tourism developed in a way that often local population receive little benefit
Environmental degradation
eg; Bleaching of Great Barrier Reef
Social impacts on the local population experienced
Parts of the region developed reputations as sex tourism destinations
eg; Prostitution in Thailand and Philippines
Region was gripped by major economic crisis in 1997 & 1998
Analysis of Movement Techniques
MACRO
Aggregate focus
Global travel movement
Distribution/patterns flow
• Flows are not random but are
PATTERNED
• Concentrated in more advanced economies
advanced economies
Factors influencing international flow
Set working week with paid holidays (ability)
• Early retirement (time)
• Discretionary income (ability)
• Mass communication (influences motivation)
• Access to private cars and passenger airlines (ability)
Motivation
Opportunities or Ability
• Availability of tourism resources and activities
• Economic changes
• Fluctuations in exchange rates
• Differences in season/weather
• Perceptions of safety
• Staging of special events
Climate
Distance between countries
Communications
• Relative costs
Origins, growth & future of global travel movement
MICRO
Psychological variables
Individual focus
• Personality/psychographics/lifestyle/
motivation
• Expectation/satisfaction
MESO
Combination of both Macro and Micro
Affected by Mobility/trip stage/life course/travel career
Singapore Travel Trends Identified
Key inbound tourist markets
Hong Kong, Japan, USA, Taiwan, India
Key outbound tourist market
Air, Sea
Key visitor activities
Gardens by the Bay, Integrated Resort (MBS/RWS), Sentosa, Singapore Flyer/ Flight Experience, Singapore Zoo, Night Safari, National Orchid Gardens, River Safari, Jurong Bird Park
Key spending markets
China ($4,124M), Indonesia ($3,074M), India ($1,624M), Australia ($1,343M)
Three current world travel trends
regenerate not sustain, go on a human-powered adventure, go on your own terms
Factors Influencing International Flow
Political Factors
Government Policy
Political Stability
Tax Policy
Existence of natural and manmade attractions
Natural attractions: Bukit Timah Nature, Orchid Garden
Manmade attractions: USS, MBS
Cultural links
Demographics and Lifestyles
Interests, Behaviours etc
Race, Gender, Age, Income etc
Level of economic development