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CH 23: Seed Plants I: Seed Plants Without Flowers ("Gymnosperms"…
CH 23: Seed Plants I: Seed Plants Without Flowers ("Gymnosperms")
Concepts
Lignophytes: monophyletic woody plants
Spermatophytes: seed plants, est. the origination
Manoxylic wood: small amounts of soft, spongy, parenchymatous wood
Pycnoxllic wood: hard, strong wood with little parenchyma
Gymnosperms: plants with "naked ovules" , ovules located on flat sporophylls
Angiosperms: flowering plants which are believed to be sporophylls that form a tubelike, closed structure
Division Gnetophyta
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Anthophytes: a division that share 2 sister clades
Division Ginkgophyta: Maidenhair Tree
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Division Cycadeoidophyta: Cycadeoids
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Division Progymnospermophyta: Progymnosperms
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Progymnosperms: a group of extinct plants believed have been the ancestory
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Aneurophytales
Archaeopteridales
Evolution of seeds
Pollen chamber: holding area
Micropyle: hole in integument
Integument: tissue layer around megasporangium
Division Pteredospermophyta: Seed Ferns
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Seed Ferns: appeared in Upper Devonian Period
Division Coniferophyta: Conifers
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Long shoots: where leaves occur
short shoots: in axils of long shoots
Simple Cones: pollen cones w/ single short unbranched axis that bears microphylls
Compound Cones:consisting of auxiliary buds
Cone Bracts: short axis bears leaves
Ovuliferous Scale: the axillary buds and megasporophylls are fused laterally
Suspensor: cells elongate to push other cells deep into megagametophyte
Proembryo: other cells that develop into the embryo
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Division Cycadeophyta: Cycads
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