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PCA 22/04/21 9:00 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - ego = reality principle = mediator between id and superego
        
        Defence mechanisms = how ego balances conflicting demands
        
        Denial = Refusing to acknowledge some aspect of reality.
        
        Displacement = Transferring feelings from true source of distressing emotion onto a substitute target.
        
        Repression = Forcing a distressing memory out of the conscious mind.
      - superego = morality principle = internalised sense of right and wrong
      - id = Pleasure principle = gets what it wants
    - - Phallic
        
        Phallic personality = narcissistic, reckless, possibly homosexual.
      - Latency
      - Anal
        
        Anal retentive = perfectionist, obsessive.
        
        Anal expulsive = thoughtless, messy.
      - Genital
        
        Difficulty forming heterosexual relationships.
      - Oral
        
        Oral fixation = smoking, biting nails, sarcastic, critical.
- - - - Learning through association
        
        During conditioning = NS + UCS ➜ UCR
        
        Before conditioning = UCS➜UCR
        
        After conditioning = CS ➜ CR
        
        Before conditioning = NS ➜ no conditioned response
    - - Emphasising the importance of scientific processes such as objectivity and replication, gave psychology greater credibility and status
  - - - Learning through environment
        
        Punishment = Is an unpleasant consequence of behaviour.
        
        Positive reinforcement = Receiving a reward when a certain behaviour is performed.
        
        Negative reinforcement = Occurs when an animal (or human) avoids something unpleasant.
    - - Real life application = Token economy systems