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Anaphylaxis - Coggle Diagram
Anaphylaxis
Emergency tx
Early admin of adrenaline NB (auto injectors)
ABCDE
put patient supine with legs raised + call for help
Adrenaline 1:1000 IM
under 6: 150mcg
6-12: 300mcg
over 12: 500mcg
establish airway
high flow O2
IV crystalloid fluids
chlorpheniramine antihistamine (IM or slow IV)
hydrocortisone (IM or slow IV)
Causes
food allergy
accounts for 85% of cases in children
insect stings
drugs
latex
exercise
inhaled allergens
idiopathic
Presentation
airway swelling
hoarseness
stridor
wheeze
cyanosis
tachypnoea
low O2 sats
circulatory collapse
hypotension
pale
clammy
drowsy
coma
Long-term tx
training for family
allergen avoidance
auto-injectors
immunotherapy can prevent future anaphylaxis due to insect stings
Intro
rapid onset
may be fatal (1 in 1000)
psych impact on child + family
Risk factors for fatal outcome
nut allergy
adolescent
coexistent asthma