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INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM, PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT, WHAT IS PLANNING?, WHAT…

- - - - Late 1960s, many countries economic growth was failed to solve social and political problems (Seers, 1969 as cited in Telfer, 2002) and some countries had realised their economic growth targets but the levels of living of the masses of people remained for the most part unchanged.
        
        During the 1970s, the widespread of poverty and unemployment cause a new view to consider broader definition of development concept.
        
        1980s realise the emergence of the concept of global sustainable development according to Brundtlant Report (WCED, 1987)
        
        1990s, the United Nations Development Programme's on Human Development Report defines development as the enlargement of people's choices.
        
        2020s, Sustainable Development Goals, Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (United Nations, 2015)
        
        The evolution of development concept is a complex, multidimensional process which not only embraces economic growth but include other indicators towards a positive change of social.
  - - - Butler (1980) portrays tourism development through six stages:
        1) Exploration
        2) Involvement
        3) Development
        4) Consolidation
        5) Stagnation
        6) Decline
        
        Gartner (1996) conclude tourism development concept as an evolutionary process encompassing noticeable economic, physical or social restructuring.
        The process of increasing quality of life for tourists and host societies,
- - - - Two exceptions to this categories are Japan and Israel