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Structure of Woody Plants - Coggle Diagram
Structure of Woody Plants
Vascular Cambium
vascular cambium
- one of the meristems that produce secondary plant body.
fascicular cambium
- cells located between the metaxylem and metaphloem, in woody plants these cells do not stop dividing
interfascicular cambium
- parenchyma cells between fascicular cambium
fusiform initials
fusiform initials
- one of 2 types of cells in vascular meristem; long and tapered
periclinal wall
- parallel wall formed when fusiform undergo longitudinal cell division
anticlinal walls
- perpendicular walls formed during longitudinal division
ray initials
ray initials
- similar to fusiform initials except that they are short and more or less cuboidal
mostly produce short cells, storage parenchyma, in gymniosperms, albuminous cells
Secondary Xylem
secondary xylem
- all cells formed to the interior of the vascular cambium, aka
wood
Hardwoods
- trees with very strong wood consisting of a lot of fibers
softwoods
- trees with wood containing less fiber, making them softer
rays
- parenchyma cells arranged as uniseriate, biseriate, or multiseriate masses
ray tracheids
- horizontal, rectangular cells that look somewhat like parenchyma cells but have secondary walls, circular bordered pits, and protoplasts that degenerate once secondary wall is complete.
Growth Rings
early wood
- (spring wood) first wood formed, high proportion of wide vessels
Late wood
- (summer wood) thicker wood with less vessels
annual ring (growth ring)
- the ring formed by early wood and late wood together
diffuse porous
- wood with of a growth ring with vessels located throughout
ring porous
- species with vessels restricted mainly to early wood
heartwood
- dark wood in a tree
sapwood
- lighter moister outer region of tree
Secondary Phloem
secondary phloem
- formed from vascular cambium. has axial and radial systems
axial system
- responsible for conduction up and down the stem or root
Outer Bark
cork and cork cambium
cork cambium (phellogen)
- similar to the activation of parenchyma cells during the interfascicular vascular cambium, but occurring in secondary phloem.
cork cell (phellem)
- outer cells of cork cambium
phelloderm
- inner cells of cork cambium that mature (rare 1-2)
periderm
- the cork cambium, layers of cork cells, and the phelloderm combined
outer bark
- all tissues outside the innermost cork cambium
innerbark
- all secondary phloem between the vascular cambium and the innermost cork cambium
lenticels
- intercellular spaces that penetrate the cork layer, creating diffusion pathways
