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modernisation of designs - Coggle Diagram
modernisation of designs
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New materials
Glulam
the use of several pieces of timber glued together to create strong, composite components for use in buildings, bridges & other structures
stronger than using solid timber because of the carful choice of laminates enables natural effects to be almost eliminated
although composite materials have been used for many years they are undergoing a revival in popularity due to;
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variants such as cross laminated timber (CLT) are more sheet based & have strength on both directions & give great potential for imaginative designs
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Kevlar
an aromatic polyamide (polymer with ring-like molecules connected in long chains) artificial fibre that has tremendous toughness & tensile strength due to density & chemical bonds present in molecular structure
woven into variety of materials - strong, light & these woven materials are often combined with various resins into advanced composite materials
uses of Kevlar - range from bullet proof vests & puncture resistant tires to sophisticated aeronautical applications
Precious metal clay
a craft material that consists of microscopic particles of metals that are bound together in a pliable medium so they can be shaped into jewellery & other products
once shaped, a sintering process is carried out, meaning raising the temp of the clay until the particles fuse & the binding medium is burned off.
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they will shrink about 10% in this process meaning this needs to be factored into the design of the product - particularly rings
Graphene
Nanomaterials
nanotechnology involves the precise manipulation if nanomaterials - is already being used as additives in cosmetic & sunscreen & being investigated for nanoelectronics
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although great potential for advancement & improvements lack of recyclability & potential toxicity of some mean caution will need to be taken
the 1st 2D material ever discovered, an allotrope of carbon arranged hexagonally, only a single layer of carbon atoms thick
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possible uses - flexible electronics, biomedicine, solar cells
works because electrons in 2D behave differently than those in 3D - electron coupling that hold 3D substances together isn't present in graphene meaning its electrons behave as if hey are massless particles that move freely through empty space at close to the speed of light
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Advancements in CAD/CAM
CAD systems facilitate the generation of manufacturing files that can be used on a wide range of different machines - reduce skill needed in operation of these machines as codes in the files automatically operate them
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Virtual reality
provides environment where more realism can be experienced through use of gloves with haptic (sensory) feedback & 3D headsets
now being used so designers can shape designs in their hands & see the resulting forms in a 3 dimensional environment rather than relying on the tradition keyboard & mouse & viewing on a flat screen