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KIDNEY'S ROLE IN THE BODY'S HOMEOSTASIS, Mind map homework of…
KIDNEY'S ROLE IN THE BODY'S HOMEOSTASIS
REGULATION
Blood Pressure
Prevent damage to arteries, especially to the brain (which can lead to stroke)
Prevent narrowed arteries/ arteriosclerosis (which can lead to renal artery stenosis and renovascular disease)
Body Fluid Osmolality
285 mosmol kg-1 water
Body water volume
Prevent hypertension
Electrolyte Balance
Calcium
Controls nerve and muscle conduction
Magnesium
for muscle and nerve function
Phosphate
for energy storage
Acid Base balance
Maintain 7.35-7.45 pH
Buffering systems
Hemoglobin
Plasma Proteins
Bicarbonate
Inorganic phosphates
Prevention of Acidosis
Acidosis can lead to:
fall in plasma pH
fall in plasma Bicarbonate concentration
depressed central nervous system (can lead to stroke)
Hyperkalemia (cause fatal cardiac arrythmias)
Respiratory compensation / hyperventilation
development of renal bone disease
MAINTAIN CONSTANCY OF BODILY FLUIDS
Urinary content
Excrete excess
Ions:
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Chloride
Bicarbonate
Phosphate
Ammonium
Metabolic wastes:
Urea
Creatinine
Uric Acid
Drug metabolites
Products of normal metabolism
HCG (for pregnancy detection)
Urinary concentration
dilutes/concentrates urine to prevent:
state of fluid overload
state of dehydration
Urinary Volume
(<300 ml daily to excrete daily load of toxic wastes)
Maintain constant Body fluid volume in the face of adverse factors such as
excessive heat
colonic infections
excessive thirst
water ingestion
METABOLIC
Activation of Vitamin D
Conversion to active metabolite
Keep bones, teeth and muscles healthy
Production of :
Renin
Mediate volume of:
Extracellular fluid
Arterial vasoconstriction
Erythropoietin
Production of Red Blood cells
Mind map homework of Joanna Sarafian