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The History of Instructional Design - Coggle Diagram
The History of Instructional Design
1940’S
During WWII, psychologists and education specialists create training materials for soldiers.
Tests were conducted to assess learners’ abilities.
The birth of instructional design.
1950’S
B. F. Skinner - The science of Learning and the Art of Teaching.
Programmed Instructional Materials - Small steps, frequent questions, immediate feedback and allow self-pacing.
1954
Theories of operant conditioning.
1956
Benjamin Bloom - Taxonomy of Educational Objectives .
Identifying principal domains of learning.
The output known as Bloom’s Taxonomy .
1960’S
Domains of learning outcome - Cognitive, affective and psychomotor.
Learning outcomes - Verbal information, intellectual skills, cognitive strategy, attitude and motor skills.
1965 - Robert Gagne
Nine events - The Conditions of Learning.
1970’S
Developed across military, academia and organisations.
Models sufaced based on systems information processing.
Use media such a films to improve the effectiveness of instruction.
1980’S
David Merrill - Component Display Theory (CDT)
Methods of presenting institutional materials.
1983
Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operation (PLATO)
Allow computers to be generated into instruction.
Rising interest in the principles of cognitive psychology.
1990’S
Fast grow of performance improvement and performance support.
Rapid prototyping - Training materials are prototyped quickly and revised through rapid testing and iterations.
Contructivist - Learning should be authentic and produce real-world expriences to form and construct knowledge.
Computer Based Training (CBT) delivered via CD-ROM is a common vehicle to deliver interactive training.
2000’S
Rise of mobile, social and blended learning.
2015
2010
Rise of big data and learning experience (LX) design.
Rise of online learning and e-learning in business.