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Experimental Research - Coggle Diagram
Experimental Research
Experimental Research
Internal Validity, the strength of experimental research is due to its ability to link cause and effect through treatment manipulation, while controlling for spurious effect of extraneous variables. ≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈
Laboratory Experiments, an experiment conducted under highly controlled conditions making accurate measurements possible.
External Validity, the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study.
Field Experiments, experiments carried out outside of laboratory settings.
Basic Concepts
Treatment Groups, subjects that are administered one or more stimulus.
Control Group, subjects are not given a stimulus.
Treatment Manipulation, helps control for the "cause" in cause-effect relationships.
Pretest measures, measurements conducted before the treatment is administered.
Posttest measures, measurements conducted after the treatment.
Threat to internal validity: history threat, maturation threat, testing threat, instrumental threat, mortality threat, and regression threat.
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Designs
Factorial designs, Two-group designs are inadequate if your research requires manipulation of two or more independent variables. In a factorial a main effect is said to exist if the dependent variable shows a significant difference between multiple levels of one factor, at all levels of other factors.
Hybrid Experimental Design, randomized block design (variation of the posttest-only or pretest-posttest control group design where the subject population can be grouped into relatively homogenous subgroups within which the experiment is replicated. Solomon four-group design, the sample is divided into two treatment groups and two control groups.
Switched replication design, two-group design implemented in two phases with three waves of measurement.
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