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Product testing - Coggle Diagram

- - - - tested using thermometer - measure set distance on material sample, on one end place a thermometer & light a Bunsen burner at the other end, record time taken to each a set temp - the shorter the time taken the higher the conductivity of material
      - for flammable materials (e.g. wood) use The Guarded Hotplate method
        
        sandwiche material sample between 2 temp controlled plate - one hot one cold - measure time taken for material to reach a constant temp
        
        only suitable for solid material & can't do in extreme temperatures
    - - tested using a multimeter - on the surface of material sample mark a set distance between 2 ends of sample, distance is the spacing for each of he multimeter's probes. measure the resistance at the distances - higher the resistance the lower the conductivity
      - whilst wood is an insulator it can conduct if it become soaked with water & the charge is large enough so important to test
  - - - results will show;
        
        strechign force applied
        
        distance travelled
        
        Point A marks the ultimate elastic limit - the most the material will stretch
        
        B marks the yield point when the elastic deformation becomes irregular
        
        breaking point C shoes the point at which the material snaps
  - - - the Charpy test
      - the Izod test
    - - Charpy - test material placed hoiziontallty with the notch facing away from the hammer
      - Izod - test piece clamped vertically with notch facing the hammer
  - - - measures the average force needed to plunge a 0.44" / 11.28mm steel ball halfway into a piece of wood
    - - reload applied to material using diamond indenter breaking through surface the preload is the datum (or zero refence position) additional load applied to material & held for a set time (dwell time) load is released & distance between preload & applied load measured - smaller the indentation depth the harder the material
    - - hardened standard size steel ball is forced into material surface suing pre-set load, diameter of indent is measured - smaller the diameter he harder the material
    - - used for very hard materials, uses a diamond square-based pyramid to indent surface of material, diamond used cause it wont deform under load, microscope used to size of indent - smaller the indent the harder the material
  - - - commonly used to check weld quality for offshore oil applications
- - - - ruler or Vernier callipers can be used to measure the deflection
  - - - tough material will absorb the impact whilst brittle materials will bend & snap
  - - - abrasive wear
        
        tested by running a file or glass paper over surface of the material - use same force for all samples - material with fewest scratches is the hardest
      - resistance to surface indentation
        
        tested using a dot punch & hammer - the dot punch is hit & the smaller the indent the harder the material
  - - - cracks or surface damage on outside or inside of bend indicated lack of malleability
- - - - size of material being tested
      - testing equipment
      - environmental conditions
      - force applied
      - method of force application
      - position of force application
      - individual taking measures