DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF
ENVIRONMENT
Systems Theory
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Systems Classification: Entropy - is derived from the second Law of Thermodynamics, which is a Universal law by virtue of which all forms of organization advance towards their disorganization or disappearance Dynamic Equilibrium: The principle of dynamic equilibrium does not apply literally to all complex systems because, contrary to entropy, they advance towards growth and expansion.
Elements of an Entry System - Entry is assumed to take one or more of the forms: the result of a previous process, online, serial the result of a previous process, produced randomly , the result of a process being introduced or reintroduced again., Process - The process can also be defined as the phenomenon , continuously with the running of the time, certain systems functions and operations , Output - can be defined as the purpose for which the elements, characteristics and relationships of the system are joined.Therefore, the output is congruent with the objective
Environment: environment "in the sitting in which it is used today is a translation of the German" unweit "" surrounding world
Project Cycles
Phases of the Project: each stage corresponds to a decision and as one progresses from one stage to another, the decision taken
Projects and Decision Process: a vertical structure of staggered decisions that, starting from the original idea, goes through its preliminary verification, from here to the formulation of the final preliminary project until reaching the final engineering design.
Project and Organization Cycle: The initial idea may have developed a matrix organization and the first studies may be conducted by the heads of that department themselves.
Planning, Programming and Control Concept. Reduced to the simplest expression, planning means anticipating the course of action to be taken to achieve a desired situation.
Planning elements, Planning agent, The receiver, The forecast, The forecast
Analysis of the Stages of the Project Cycle
Meaning of the Project Cycle: The purpose of this article constitutes a general overview of the stages and transformations that an investment project goes through sequentially with the purpose of helping to summarize the multiple contributions that have been made over time in I take that theme.
Brief Introduction to the Systems Approach; It is that of a set of elements related to a specific purpose.
The Project Concept - project as a process aimed at transforming an idea into a finished product made up of goods or services, which will be the means to produce other goods or services.
Stages of the Project Cycle - Stages of the Project Cycle, Stages of the Project Cycle, preparation of pre-feasibility, evaluation. Each thread is examined below.
Project Identification
Pre-identification - Latin American countries have very limited resources for economic development.
Project Identification - Market and Size. Availability of Inputs., Technology, Investment Amount, Institutional and Policy Framework
Project Preparation. . This study should define the project objectives clearly and explicitly consider other means that can achieve the same objectives.
Project Evaluation and Approval -the evaluation has to do both an economic analysis and a financial one.
Project Execution Planning and Definitive Design: project execution planning is about qualitatively solving the sequencing problem. Analyzing alternatives that may be viable.
Systems Concept The systemic method owes its formulation to various interdisciplinary attempts to overcome the tendency of science to particularization.