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Seizures & Epilepsy, Medications, Reason for seeking Care: 11 month…
Seizures & Epilepsy
Presentation
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Absence Seizure
Brief loss fo consciousness, slight loss of muscle tone.
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Pathophysiology
Abnormal electrical discharges may arise from the simultaneous activation of neurons in both hemispheres of the brain: maybe be restricted to one area of the cerebral cortex or may begin in a localized area of the cortex as a focal seizure and spread to other portions of the brain.
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Reason for seeking Care: 11 month old would have episodes of staring at visual repetitive patterns and appeared dazed and confused. At 15 months the child developed spastic seizures. Eventually leading to child 20 months old having daily cluster seizures. Missing developmental milestones.
Outcome
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Status Epilepticus is a continuous seizure lasting 30 minutes or a series of seizures that the child does not regain the premorbid level of consciousness.
At 23 months of age, the child went under surgery for temporoparietal occipital resection. No complications and remained seizure-free even after medications were withdrawn. Milestones have been met with little extra help with communication.
Interventions
Ketogenic Diet- high fat and very low carbohydrate and adequate protein. Research shows that effective treatment in comparison to medications.
Drug Therapy with antiepiletic drugs usually done for 2 years. If episodes are under-control provider may slowly titrate off.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation -palliative treatment for those not in control of seizure episodes. Implanted device to stimulate nerve CN X. Can also be activated by caregiver at onset of seizure.
Surgical- Removal of lesions, hematomas, vascular malformation or tumor
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