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Animal Studies of Attachment: - Coggle Diagram
Animal Studies of Attachment:
Lorenz:
Findings:
Incubator group followed Lorenz everywhere, control followed the mother
When groups were mixed, control group followed mother and the experimental group followed Lorenz
Conclusion:
Imprinting was demonstrated
Procedure:
1/2 eggs were hatched in an incubator, first moving thing they saw was Lorenz
1/2 eggs were hatched with mother goose in the natural environment
Evaluation:
S - Well controlled procedure
W - Ethical problem, Goslings were separated from their mother
W - Cannot generalise results for humans, humans have a more complex brain/behaviour
S - Came up with the 'critical period', Bowlby then borrowed this idea for his research in babies ( babies must form an attachment with the mother 0-2 years otherwise there may be psychological damage)
Harlow:
Procedure:
Monkeys separated from mothers at birth
Monkeys given a cloth mother and wire mother that had food
Findings:
90% of their time was spent with the cloth mother, not wire mother
When the monkey was scared it retreated to the cloth mother
As they became older they became dysfunctional, aggressive, poor parents
Conclusion:
Comfort is preferred over food
If scared it goes to comfort not food
Shows that parenting + modelling is important
Evaluation:
Generalisability: S + W
Monkeys and humans are similar - but humans have more complex thought processes
Dilemma - similar to monkeys, if so it makes it even more unethical
W - Ethics, long term damage and separation
Proves 'cupboard love' is wrong - attachment needs love and comfort