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AC1.1 Comparing criminal behaviour and deviance. - Coggle Diagram
AC1.1 Comparing criminal behaviour and deviance.
Sanctions:
In a law and legal definition, are penalties or other means of enforcement used to provide incentives for obedience with the law, or with rules and regulations.
Informal Sanctions:
When rules are not formally written down, like grounding a child.
Formal Sanctions:
When rules are formally written down, like fines, imprisonment.
Can also be positive; used to reward positive behaviour of which society approves of, like certificates at college.
All are a form of social control. We are rewarded or punished with the aim of controlling out behaviour and ensuring we conform to society's expectations and norms.
Sanctions can be handed out by either the court or the police.
Legal definition of crime:
A behavior that breaks the law and for which you are punished by the legal system is considered a crime. This definition included offences such as theft, fraud, murder, ect.
Must have both the Actus Reus ( meaning the guilty act) and the Mens Rea (meaning guilty mind). The defendant must Do something that breaks the law, with BAD INTENTIONS.
Norms:
Refer to expected behaviours, actions and choices within a specified space.
Social rules which define correct and approved behaviour in a society or group -Browne 2002
Example: Tipping in the UK in comparison to the USA.
Crimes can change historically and culturally. For example when cocaine was legal in the UK until WW1; or in america where alcohol isn't legal until 21 in comparison to 18 in England.
Social definition of crime:
No behaviour is inherently criminal. Society defines certain acts as criminal. As society changes so does people's understanding of and response to the act considered criminal. Crime is a social construct. If society says that an act is a crime then it becomes one.
3 types of deviant behaviour:
Admired behaviour:
Deviant but considered good or admirable, like saving a life whilst risking your own.
Odd behaviour:
Behaviour that is odd or different from most, like a middle aged man talking to barbie dolls.
Bad behaviour:
Deviant because it is bad, like queue jumping, rape, murder.
Deviance:
Deviance is a behaviour that goes against the dominant social norms of a specific group or society, which causes some kind of critical reaction or disapproval.
Moral codes:
What is regarded as good behaviour.
A set of rules or guidelines that a person or group follows in order to live a just and good life.
All have slightly different morals.
Example: Police codes (Innocent until proven guilty ect.).
Values:
Principles or standards of behaviour; one's judgement of what is important in life.
Example: British Values (Democracy, Rule of Law, Respect).
Criminal behaviour is a type of deviance that involved serious and harmful acts against society. Acts considered so disruptive they require the state to intervene to forbid and punish them by the law.
Deviance varies because morals, values and norms differ between each culture and society which makes deviance hard to describe.