Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Educational Legislation - Coggle Diagram
Educational Legislation
Political Constitution
Education Guarantees
Article 90. The freedom of education is guaranteed and the right to create private educational centers subject to the Law is recognized.
Education rights
Article 87. Everyone has the right to education and the responsibility to educate themselves.
Article 88. Education must attend to the harmonious and integral development of the student.
Article 89. It is recognized that it is the purpose of Panamanian education to foster in the student a national conscience based on knowledge of the history and problems of the country.
Official education
Article 91. Official education is free at all pre-university levels. The first level of education or general basic education is compulsory.
Article 92. The Law will determine the state agency that will prepare and approve the study plans, teaching programs and educational levels, as well as the organization of a national educational guidance system, all in accordance with national needs.
Article 93. Labor education is established as a non-regular modality of the education system, with basic education programs and special training.
Private education
Article 94. Private companies whose operations significantly alter the school population in a given area will contribute to meeting educational needs.
Article 95. Only academic and professional degrees issued by the State or authorized by it in accordance with the Law are recognized.
Article 96. Education will be taught in the official language, but for reasons of public interest, the Law may allow it to be taught in a foreign language in some schools as well.
Article 97. The Law may create economic incentives for the benefit of public education and private education, as well as for the publication of national educational works.
Article 98. The State shall establish systems that provide adequate resources to grant scholarships, aid, or other financial benefits to students who deserve or need them. All other things being equal, the most economically needy will be preferred.
Article 99. The Official University of the Republic is autonomous. It is recognized as legal entity, its own patrimony and the right to administer it. They have the power to organize their studies and designate and separate their personnel in the manner determined by law.
Article 100. To make the economic autonomy of the University effective, the state will provide it with the essentials for its installation, operation and future developments.
Article 101. Academic freedom is recognized without other limitations than those established by the University Statute for reasons of public order.
Article 102. The exceptionality of the student, in all its manifestations, will be addressed through special education, based on scientific research and educational guidance.
Article 103. The Catholic religion will be taught in public schools.
Article 104. The State will develop education and promotion programs for indigenous groups.
Law 47 of 1946, Organic Education
Administrative organization and academic structure
Article 8. The Ministry of Education will be in charge of everything related to education and national culture.
Article 8-C. The administrative structure of the educational system is made up of the following levels:
Central Level: It is formed by the Ministry of Education.
Regional Level: Includes regional administrative bodies.
Local or Institutional Level: Includes schools or educational projects.
Article 13. The Ministry of Education will cooperate with all the associations of the teaching and educating personnel of the educational establishments of the Republic.
Article 16. The Executive Branch has the power to determine the length of the school year, the starting and ending dates of the same in the different regions of the country, and the vacation periods.
Article 18. In each Municipal District there will be a Municipal Board of Education composed of seven members.
Article 23. In charge of each school region will be a regional director of education, assisted by two deputy directors in the technical-teaching and administrative areas.
Private education, culture, scholarships and staff
Article 72. Private education, in accordance with the constitutional precepts that establish it, is provided by private entities.
Article 79. The Panamanian State is responsible for preserving the elements of national identity, which differentiate us as a nation and unite us to the universal community.
Article 81. Educational centers, at all levels of the system, must be institutions that preserve and promote cultural heritage, integrate values and assume a leading role in social change.
Article 83. The Ministry of Education will coordinate permanently with the National Institute of Culture, the National Institute of Sports and other institutions and agencies.
Article 90. The National Library will perform the functions of a Department of Libraries and exchanges attached to the Ministry of Education.
Article 101-A. The Ministry of Education, in coordination with the Institute for the Training and Use of Human Resources, will guarantee strict compliance with the legal provisions in the granting of scholarships and financial assistance.
Article 107. The Ministry of Education is empowered to send professors, teachers or members of the administrative staff to expand and deepen their knowledge abroad for a period not exceeding two years.
Article 115. The appointments and promotions of the members of the teaching and administrative staff of the education branch will be decreed by the Executive Branch.
Article 124. All members of the teaching staff of pre-primary, primary and secondary schools must appear at the campus where they provide their services eight (8) days before the start of classes, to carry out the preparatory work indicated.
Fundamental provisions
Article 1. Education is a right and duty of the human person, without distinction of age, ethnicity, sex, religion, economic, social position or political ideas.
Article 2. The Panamanian educational system is composed of two subsystems: the regular and the non-regular, defined in this Law.
Article 3. Education is official or private.
Article 4. Education at the service of the human being is based on principles.
Article 5. Panamanian education is characterized by its democratic, progressive, participatory and pluralistic condition; dynamic and innovative; creative and civilistic.
Article 6. At the higher level, university education will be governed by special laws.
Article 7. The Ministry of Education will establish the basic essentials, will determine the teaching programs.
Finances, equipment and teaching materials
Article 204. The expenses of the teaching, administrative and service personnel of the Education Branch are the responsibility of the Nation, as well as the provision of properly equipped premises, texts, tools and teaching materials for the primary schools of the Republic.
Article 207. The Ministry of Education will be in charge of preparing and editing school texts, both primary and secondary.
Article 224. The Ministry of Education will plan and increase the construction of school buildings and furniture in accordance with the needs of population growth.
Law 28 of 1998, Regional Boards
School educational community
Article 23-D. In each school center of the first and second level of education, a body, consultative and of participation ad honorem, called the School Educational Community will function.
Article 23-E. The School Educational Community will have, among other functions, the following:
Serve as a communication body with the Regional Educational Community
Prepare and support the development of the Center Educational Project (PEC).
Article 23-F. The Regional Educational Community will have the following functions:
Serve as a consultative and support body for the Regional Directorate of Education, in matters related to education.
Prepare its annual operating plan and submit it to the Director or the Regional Director of Education.
Decree 203 of September 27, 1996
Contests
Article 3. The applicant for a teaching, managerial, national, provincial and / or regional supervisory position, submitted to competition.
Article 11. The appointment contest for teachers and professors will be made by public announcement.
Article 12. The managerial and supervisory positions must be filled, by summons, as they occur.
Appointments
Article 23. The educator who enters the Ministry of Education for the first time will be appointed for a probationary period of two years.
Article 22. The educator who is appointed to a position requested by him and does not appear to take office within the five business days following the respective notification, will lose the position and will not be considered for another during the same period.
Appointments of education staff
Article 8. The selection process for the appointment and transfer of the teaching, managerial and supervisory personnel will be carried out among the educators who aspire to the position in the school region.
Legal provisions on transfers
Article 54 The educator who meets the following requirements has the right to request a transfer:
That it is not in use of license, with the exception of the pregnancy leave, and the assignment of directive functions in school campuses.
That has not been transferred the previous year.
That he is appointed on a permanent basis and exercising school teaching.
Article 55. In attention to the cause that motivates it, in the Education Branch the following transfers are given:
Due to low enrollment
By mutual consent
By penalty
Regular transfer.
Law 47 of November 20, 1979, Salary Scale
Teacher's legal classification
Article 6. The classification of Educators will be as follows: Grades A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S , T and U.
Teacher salary
Article 2. The monthly remuneration of the educator in active service will be made up of:
a. The base salary of the grade corresponding to the position in which he is classified in accordance with the condition of the appointment.
b. The bonuses already acquired.
c. The bonuses that are subsequently obtained based on this Law.
d. Legally established additional compensation.
e. Salary increases granted by the National Government.
Legal definition of educator
Article 1. The personnel who teach, or direct, or organize or supervise in official educational institutions under the dependence of the Ministry of Education, will have the common name of "Educator" and will be subject to the classification and remuneration established by the Law.
Teachers' bonuses
Article 16. The educator who ascends in the category will have the right to receive the bonus corresponding to the position he or she performs at the time of completing the period indicated in Article 9.
Article 26. The educator who enters the service of the Ministry of Education for the first time to teach, will be appointed for a probationary period of two years.
Article 3. The Educator Salary Scale will consist of 22 degrees, in accordance with the studies carried out (titles), functions, responsibilities and efforts inherent to the position.