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HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION - Coggle Diagram
HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION
Human factors in interface design
Limited short-term memory
People make mistakes
People are different
People have different interaction preferences
Ergonomics in Interface Design
Study of the physical characteristics of
interaction
Also known as human factors – but this can
also be used to mean much of HCI!
Ergonomics good at defining standards and
guidelines for constraining the way we design certain aspects of systems
Role of Ergonomic in Interface Design
arrangement of controls and displays
surrounding environment
health issues
use of colour
Interaction Styles
Command Line Interface
keyboard shortcuts and function keys, simple, quick, not for complex tasks, developed from Teletypewriters (TTY)
Menus
Set of options displayed on the screen
Options visible
Selection by numbers, letters, arrow keys, mouse
and combination (e.g. mouse plus accelerators)
Often options hierarchically grouped
Restricted form of full WIMP system
Natural Language
a human-computer interaction method whereby inputs to and outputs from a computer-based application are in a conventional spoken language such as English.
Based on research in artificial intelligence
Current implementations are tedious and difficult to work with, not as viable as other interaction methods
Applications for NLI - speech input for Hands-free operation, Poor Lighting Situations, Mobile Applications, In the home, Patients and disabled and speech output for On-board navigational systems
WIMP
WIMP: Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointers
developed at Xerox Parc in the 1970s
first used commercially by Apple
now industry standard
Window
a rectangular part of the screen
can be moved and resized
can cover other windows
Icon
a graphical representation of an object
can be dragged and dropped
Menu
a list of command buttons
pull-down or pop-up
Pointer
mouse or similar pointing device
Example: Text pointer and Mouse pointer
Question & Answer Dialogue
user led through interaction via series of questions
often used in information systems
used to retrieve information from database
requires understanding of database structure
language syntax, hence requires some expertise
Form-Fill and Spreadsheet
Primarily for data entry or data retrieval
Screen like paper form
Data put in relevant place
first spreadsheet VISICALC
sophisticated variation of form-filling
Point and Click interfaces
used in multimedia, web browsers, hypertext
just click something - icons, text links or location on map
minimal typing
3D interfaces
virtual reality
‘ordinary’ window systems
3D workspaces
Web navigation
Link-based navigation
Search
Menu Interaction
Menu interaction - a human-computer interaction method in which a list of system options is provided and a specific command
Pop-up menu
a menu-positioning method that places a menu near the current cursor position
Drop-down menu - a menu-positioning method that places the access point of the menu near the top line of the display When accessed, menus open by dropping down onto the display and Visual editing tools help designers construct menus.