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ARP Spoofing - Coggle Diagram
ARP Spoofing
Once the attacker’s MAC address is connected to an authentic IP address, the attacker will begin receiving any data that is intended for that IP address.
ARP spoofing can enable malicious parties to intercept, modify or even stop data in-transit.
This results in the linking of an attacker’s MAC address with the IP address of a legitimate computer or server on the network.
ARP spoofing attacks can only occur on local area networks that utilize the Address Resolution Protocol.
A type of attack in which a malicious actor sends falsified ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) messages over a local area network.
In their most basic application, ARP spoofing attacks are used to steal sensitive information.
Beyond this, ARP spoofing attacks are often used to facilitate other attacks such as:
Session hijacking
Session hijacking attacks can use ARP spoofing to steal session IDs, granting attackers access to private systems and data.
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ARP spoofing attacks typically follow a similar progression. The steps to an ARP spoofing attack usually include:
- The attacker uses the ARP spoofing tool to scan for the IP and MAC addresses of hosts in the target’s subnet.
- The attacker chooses its target and begins sending ARP packets across the LAN that contain the attacker’s MAC address and the target’s IP address.
- The attacker opens an ARP spoofing tool and sets the tool’s IP address to match the IP subnet of a target. Examples of popular ARP spoofing software include Arpspoof, Cain & Abel, Arpoison and Ettercap.
- As other hosts on the LAN cache the spoofed ARP packets, data that those hosts send to the victim will go to the attacker instead. From here, the attacker can steal data or launch a more sophisticated follow-up attack.
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- ARP Spoofing Detection, Prevention and Protection
The following methods are recommended measures for detecting, preventing and protecting against ARP spoofing attacks:
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Packet filtering
Packet filters inspect packets as they are transmitted across a network. Packet filters are useful in ARP spoofing prevention because they are capable of filtering out and blocking packets with conflicting source address information (packets from outside the network that show source addresses from inside the network and vice-versa).
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