Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Biomolecules - Coggle Diagram
Biomolecules
Proteins
Most diverse biomolecules in living organisms.
They can be build of 20 different aminos acids.
Protein Enzymes:
They maintain life by regulating where the cellular´s occur.
Helps digest foods
Examples of Proteins:
Meats
Fish
Eggs
They are the most complicated chemical compunds on the planet
They have antibodies
They connect themselves to invadors like bacteria and viruses
Protein hormones
Makes you feel emotions
Amino acids
They have
carboxyl
-COOH
Amino
-NH2
Long chains of amino acids are called polypeptides
Protein Synthesis
Only possible if you have the 9 neccesary amino acids
Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
Methionine
Phenylalaline
Threonine
Valine
Tryptophan
Lipids
They share an inhabilite to dissolve in water.
Most of their chemical bonds are non-polar.
They are group together
Smaller and simpler than complex carbohydrates
Examples
Butter
Cheese
Some types of meat
Mainly made up of two chemical ingredients
fatty acids
three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol
Triglyceride
Saturated
with hydrogen
carbon atoms in a fatty acid are connected to each other in single bonds
they end up connecting with at least 2 hydrogen atoms
If
do not have any double bonds
can pack more tightly
form solids
1 more item...
Unsaturated
when
some carbon atoms are connected to each other with double bonds
carbon electrons are not able to pick up hydrogen atoms
Omega3 fats
essential
we need to eat them to get them
becomes a
Two fatty acid molecules, one glycerol and a phosohate group
becomes a
Phospholipid
make up cell membrane walls
two ends
Polar
1 more item...
Non-polar
1 more item...
Glycerol
a kind of alcohol
Steroids
backbone
4 interconnected carbon rings
can form hundreds of variations
Cholesterol
most fundamental of the variations
binds with phospholipids
to
help form cell walls
can be actividaded to turn into different Lipid Hormones
Estradiol
female sex hormone
Testosterone
male sex hormone
Carbohydrates
Made up from sugar
Monosaccharides
The simplest type of carbohydrates
Glucose
Fundamental in the global food chain
It comes from the sun
All biological energy is captured from the sun as plants trough photosyntesis
Fructose
They both
have the same molecular formula
arranged differently
C6H12O6
are processed by our bodies in different ways
Really easy for our bodies to process
Disaccharides
Two monosaccharides joined together
Sucrose
Glucose and Fructose molecules joined by covalent bonds.
Examples
Bread
rice
Wheat
Polysaccharides
Can contain thousands of simple sugar units
Cellulose
Many glucose molecules bound together
It is the most common organic compund in the planet
Difficult to digest
Are good storing energy
Glycogen
stores carbohydrate energy
short-term store