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:star: Chapter 1 Introduction To Energy, Concept of Nuclear Energy =, THE…

- - - - :zap::zap::zap::zap: Extra High Voltage = 230kV < V*
  - - - Energy Commission
        
        Advise the minister on all matters relating
        
        to electricity industry.
        
        • Develops legal frameworks
        
        • Implements policy.
        
        • Issues license.
        
        • Regulates the industry
    - - TNB, SESB, IPP
- - - - :+1::skin-tone-2: Obtained from sources that are essentially inexhaustible. The most important feature of renewable energy is that it can be harnessed without the release of harmful pollutants.
        
        Examples of renewable energy, Solar Power, Wind Power, Tidal Power,Geothermal Energy & Hydroelectric Power
      - Derive from Sun (Indirect or directly)
        
        Solar
        
        harvest from sun to convert from heat into electricity and thermal.
        
        Energy can be harvest from several method including:
        
        Solar Photovoltaic (Solar Panel)
        
        Vacuum Tube Solar Water Heather
        
        Molten Salt Solar Power
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Reduce Bill
        
        Diverse Application
        
        Less Maintenance
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Expensive
        
        Use a lot space
        
        Weather dependent
        
        Wind
        
        harvest from wind to convert the kinetic energy in the wind into
        mechanical power. A generator can convert mechanical power into electricity.
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Sustainable energy
        
        Clean Fuel Source
        
        Less Maintenance
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Wind plants can impact local wildlife
        
        Noisy and aesthetic pollution
        
        Intermittent energy
        
        Biomass
        
        Plant or animal material used as fuel to produce electricity or heat.
        
        Example: wood, energy cops, and waste from forests, yards, or farms.
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Sustainable energy
        
        Cheap
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Pollution due to burning
        
        Extraction process is expensive
      - Derive from gravity
        
        Tidal
        
        Produced by the surge of ocean waters during the rise and fall of tides.
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Free from Co2
        
        Energy can be predict
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Piping dangerous to animals
        
        Grid connection very difficult
        
        Hydro
        
        Form of energy which could be harnessed through movement of water to power
        machinery or create electricity.
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        It constant rate of electricity
        
        Pollution Free
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Dam expensive to build
        
        Affected to wildlife and nearby village
      - Derive from interior of the earth
        
        Geothermal
        
        Energy derived from the heat that comes from the sub-surface of the earth
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Zero CO2 emission
        
        Sustainable Energy
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Not many place can make geothermal
        power plant.
        
        Sometimes, harmful gases come out
        and difficult to control
    - - conventional fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas,
        which are likely to deplete with time.
      - Derive from fossil fuel
        
        coal
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Cheap cost among others fossil fuel
        
        Very abundant supply
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Create pollution
        
        Contribute to global warning
        
        Petroleum
        
        Natural Gas
        
        a fossil energy source that formed deep beneath the earth's surface. Natural gas contains many different compounds.
        
        methane compound is the largest component of natural gas with a carbon atom & four hydrogen atoms (CH4).
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Can be transport by ship, piping and tanker.
        
        found a lot of places
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Highly flammable
        
        Contribute to global warning
        
        Shale Oil
      - Derive from fission of atom
        
        Uranium (Nuclear)
        
        Nuclear energy is nuclear reaction that release nuclear energy to generate heat.
        
        The heat then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.
        
        Vast majority of electricity from nuclear power is produced by nuclear fission of uranium
        and plutonium.
        
        :+1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Zero Co2 emission
        
        Low fuel quantity (uranium) but able to produce huge electricity
        
        Not produce pollutant gases
        
        :-1::skin-tone-2:
        
        Waste is radioactive and safely
        disposal very difficult
        
        Large scale accident can be
        catastrophic
        
        Cost of facility very expensive
        
        :!!: Must build near to river.
        
        WHY??
        
        To cooling down the pressure / reduce the nuclear reaction
  - - - Primary energy sources are those that are either found or stored in nature.
        
        Example: Coal, oil, natural gas and biomass (such as wood), nuclear energy from radioactive substances, thermal energy stored in earths interior, and potential energy due to earth gravitity.
    - - Secondary energy sources are those converted from Primary energy sources in industrial
        utilities
        
        Example: Coal, oil or gas converted into steam and electricity.
  - - - Value doesn't account for any resources that are yet to be discovered
        
        Number doesn't account for potential economic or technological factors that could expand the reserve
    - - R/P ratio (year) = Amount of reserve/Amount use per year
- - - - Argiculture
      - Top up and Standby Service (Only for co-Gen)
      - Industry: Factory
      - Mining
      - Commercial : Supermarket etc
      - Top up and Standby Service (Only for co-Gen)
      - Domestic
- - - - Producer
        
        •Increase Energy Demand
        
        •Low energy reserve
      - Goverment
        
        •Increase investment
        
        •Rural Electrification
        
        •Balance between economic growth and environmental effect Government
      - Environment
        
        •Increase Environmental Impact
        
        •Ecological Stress
        
        •Global Carbon Emission
        
        •Security Risk
      - Economic
        
        Fear of Shortage
        
        •Energy supply price increase
        
        •Excessive demand of capital investment
        
        •Significant factor to debt crisis
- - - - Produce electricity