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History, Link To Crusades-Why People went on them: https://docs.google…

- - - - Saladin led the Muslim military campaign against the Crusader states in the Levant. At the height of his power, his sultanate spanned Egypt, Syria, the Jazira, the Hejaz, Yemen, parts of western North Africa, and Nubia. He was a fair and intelligent man. This is because when he capture some english he compromised that he would let them go if the paid him in money or in service. HE was intelligent because on one of his battles in the desert he thought of cutting off the enemies water supplies so that they would weaken and he could attack them.
    - - Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus and was overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period. He was the third of five sons of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine and seemed unlikely to become king, but all his brothers except the youngest, John, predeceased their father. Richard is known as Richard Cœur de Lion or Richard the Lionheart because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior.
  - - - It was a king of catapults that could launch projectiles across long distances. Attackers became very creative with what they launched because they could cause a lot of panic inside the castle walls. They might throw stones, sharp wooden pole, burning tar or dead bodies. The idea was to cause fire or disease within the castle walls, forcing the inhabitants outside. The advantage of this catapult was that it was very light and its ability to throw rock and fire. The major disadvantage was that it was not that accurate. The range was determined by the weight of the projectile and the strength of the mangonel. To get the catapult into effective range of a castle, it would have to come into range of the castle's defenders
    - - It was used to batter, pound, punch and shakedown gates, doors and walls of Medieval castles, fortresses and towns. Huge tree trunks were used to construct a battering ram and were often fitter with a metal head and supported by metal bands. The ram was swung back and forth by a team of men. One of the weaknesses of the battering ram was the fact that it had to be brought right up to the castle door or wall which made the attackers vulnerable.
    - - It was used to hurl huge missiles to breach the castle walls. Large rocks and stones were the main ammunition used as they were hurled with force against the walls. Although trebuchets have greater power and range than catapults, they also have drawbacks. Trebuchets are more complicated than torsion catapults and therefore are plagued by mechanical breakdowns, require more maintenance, more skill to operate and a larger crew.
    - - It was a giant crossbow that fired long heavy arrows and was one of the most effective Medieval weapons. They were used to demolish the castle walls and kill the defenders. It was also a weapon of defence. The pros of the Ballista was that it was much easier to carry around, and could be managed by fewer people. The cons of the Ballista was that it was made more for throwing arrow type missiles, and didn’t throw things as far.