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Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia - Coggle Diagram
Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
definition: proliferation of mature myeloid cell in particular granulocytes within the bone marrow
epidemiology; peak incidence 65-74 yrs, male gender and radiation exposure
Patho/aetiology; Philadephia chromosome which is the translocation of 9 and 22 which leads to fusion gene BRC-ABL-1. This gene codes for a hybrid protein affects tyrosine kinase activity resulting in uncontrolled cellular division
risk factors; male, old age, radiation exposure
clinical signs
abdominal tenderness
splenomegaly
conjunctival pallor
symptoms
epistaxis
night sweats /pyrexia
bone pain
weight loss
fatigue
management
blast phase; stem cell transplantation
tyrosine kinase inhibitors
investigations
blood flims- to see if they are any blasts, increase number of cells in all stage of maturation
bone marrow biopsy
FBC; leucocytosis, anaemia, thrombocytosis
cytogenic studies; philidelphia chromosomes
stages
indolent/chronic; lasts many years, asymptomatic with non-specific signs e.g. splenomegaly, weight loss, fever <10 blast cells
accelerated phases; further progression of the disease 20% of blast cells
terminal blast phase
complications
neutropaenic sepsis
gout