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Chapter 10: Flowers and Reproduction, The Plant Life Cycle, Zygote:…

- - - - Dioecious: species of Dioecy plants
    - - Monoecious: species of monoecy flowers
  - - - Epigynous: not the inferior ovary
- - - - Dehiscent fruits: break open and release seeds
      - Indehiscent fruits: do not break open & release seeds
- - - - Sepals: lowermost and outermost of the four floral appendages
      - Calyx: all sepals together
    - - Petals: above the sepal on the receptacle
      - Corolla: collective teram for all of the petals for a single flower
      - Perianth: sepals and petals tgther
    - - Stamens: above the petals, "male" parts
        
        Filament: stalk #
        
        Anther: where pollen is produced
        
        Microspore mother cells/microsporocytes: a cell that undergoes meiosis, resulting In the production of 4 microspores #
        
        pollen: microspores and microgametophytes #
        
        Tapetum: neighboring anther cells, act as nurse cells
      - Andorecium: collectively the stamens
    - - Carpels: flower organ that contains ovules. involved in megaspores, seeds, & fruit.
        
        Gynoecium: highest pt of receptacle.
        
        3 points:
        
        Stigma: catches pollen
        
        style: elevates the stigma
        
        Ovary: Megaspores are produced here # # # #
        
        Placentae: regions of tissue that bear small structures
        
        Ovules: small structures with short stalk, finiculus, that carries water & nutrients from placenta to ovule
        
        Nucellus: central mass of parenchyma
        
        Megaspore Mother Cells/ Megasporocytes: nucellus cells enlarge in preparation for meiosis # # #
  - - - Vegetative cell: in pollen grain of seed plants, the cell/cells that do not give rise to the sperm cells . #
      - Generative Cells: small lens-shaped, divides into 2 sperm cells
      - pollen tube: after pollen grain lands on stigma, it germinates, penetrates into the loose open tissues of the stigma
    - - Embryo Sac: multinucleate megagametophyte
        
        Central Cell: the seven cells
        
        Polar Nuclei
        
        Antipodal Cells: 3
        
        Egg Apparatus: consisting of 2 synergids
        
        Synergids: two adgabecctnt cells, where pollen enters
  - - - Exocarp: the outer layer/skin/peel
      - Mesocarp: the flesh
      - endocarp: innermost layer, often has pits or stones
- - - - Gametophyte: plant spores that undergo mitosis and grow into entire new haploid plant