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A Critique of Current Thinking in Sustainable Tourism Management - Coggle…
A Critique of Current Thinking in Sustainable Tourism Management
Value Judgments & the Lack of Factual Evidence
Large high-rise coastal resorts around the Mediterranean represent a less sustainable form of tourism than ecotourism holidays in Central America.
Independent travel is more sustainable than package holiday tourism
small-scale tourism is always better than mass tourism
cultural tourism is more sustainable than hedonistic tourism
The Green Tourist
"Shades of Green" Tourists
Not at all green - Only read from the brochures & made on effort or sacrifice towards green tourism
Light green - Think about Green Tourism & contribute to minimize water consumption where is scarce & use public transport to get around within the destination
Dark green - Boycott Hotel or Resorts that do not support Green or poor reputation on environment]
Totally green - Will not harm the environment in anyways
Much discussion on sustainable tourism seems to be based on what is described as the 'rise of the green tourist'.
insisting that hotels recycle their waste
switching from the use of private cars to public transport for their holiday trips
demonstrating against the environmental impacts of new theme parks
Critiques towards a better Green Tourist.
To introduce more objectivity into the sustainable tourism amongst the tourists & the local.
Other than focusing more towards the tourism industry to move towards green tourism, the emphasis should be focus more towards the tourists.
It is important to remember that sustainable tourism is not just about the environment but also it is about giving back to the local or the society.
De-marketing
Involves manipulating the marketing mix or four Ps to discourage rather than attract tourists to visit destination which are thought to be over-visited
Many tourists become aware of destinations from sources other than promotional literature produced by the destinations themselves:
Friends & relatives
The media
The tourism industry such as coach operators
Repeat ve=isitors are already aware of the destination
Business tourists do ni choose their destination. Determined by the demands of their jobs whether it be a visit by sales person to a potential client or lecturer attending a specialist conference.
Ecotourism
The rise of ecotourism has been a control-versial issue in the context of the debate over sustainable tourism
treks in the Himalaya range
expeditions in the jungles of Central America
whale-watching holidays from California to the Arctic
sledge tours in Lapland
river trips by canoe in South-East Asia
Characteristics
the desire of participants to learn more about their destination than the average tourist
the attempt to maximize contact with indigenous people
the small size of most groups
Concept carrying capacity
Physical
capacity, the number of tourists a place can physically accommodate.
Environmental or ecological
capacity, the number of tourists that can be accommodated before damage begins to be caused to the environment or ecosystem.
Economic
capacity, can be welcomed before the local community start to suffer economic problem.
Social
capacity, the number of people beyond which social disruption or irrevocable cultural damage will occur.
Perceptual
capacity, number of people a place can welcome before the quality of the tourist experience begins to be adversely affected.
Infrastructure
capacity, number of tourists that can be accommodated by the destination infrastructure.
Visitors Management
Using interpretation techniques to try to direct demand to less heavily used areas of the region
Closing roads from to time and or sitting car parks so that visitor cannot drive into already overcrowded or environmentally fragile areas.
Tourist Education
Two main reasons
The evidence from other well-meaning education campaigns
How can we provide guidelines that, if followed by tourists, would help develop more sustainable form of tourism.
To make them more concerned about the environmental impacts of tourism and the principles of sustainable forms of tourism.