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Attachment - Coggle Diagram

- - - - research support: Regolin and Vallortigara (1995) observed chicks imprint on moving shapes.
      - generalisability to humans: Attachment systems in birds are less complex and not 2 way.
      - evaluation extra : imprinting explains computer operating system choices ( Seebach 2005)
  - - - real-world value: helps professionals like social workers to promote bonding's (Howe) , also applied to zoos and breeding programs.
      - generalisability to humans: monkeys more similar to humans than birds but human mind and behaviour is more complex.
      - evaluation extra: ethical issues: the procedure caused severe long term distress to the monkeys who participated , may not be outweighed by theoretical and practical benefits.
- - - - validity of monotropy challenged: the primary attachment may be stronger but not different in nature.
      - support for social releasers: babies became upset when attachment figure ignored social releasers ( Brazelton et al )
      - support or internal working model: Quality of attachment is passed on through generations (Bailey et al). counterpoint- ignored other factors ( e.g. genetic) in social behavior and parenting (Kornienko)
      - evaluation extra : feminist concerns: Bowlby's views imply that mothers shouldn't work outside the home (Burman), but Bowlby also gave the mother's role greater credit and the theory had real-world applications.
- - - - good predictive validity: Attachment type predicts later social behaviour e.g. school success, bullying (McCormick et al Kokkinos). however Kagan suggests that behavioural differences are due to genetically-infleunced anxiety levels.
      - good reliability: 94% agreement between trained observers ( Bick et al)
      - the test may be culture bound: strange situation may be bound to western cultures , imposed etic , other cultures may have different experiences that affect behaviour in the strange situation.
      - other attachment types : Main and Solomon argue their is a type D attachment.
- - - - real world application: both institutional care and adoption practice have been improved using lessons from Romanian orphans.
      - fewer confounding variables: Romanian orphans had fewer negative influences before institutionalisation than for example war orphans.
        counterpoint- especially poor conditions in Romanian orphanages could be a confounding variable.
      - lack of adult data: we don't know the effects of institutionalisation on development as an adult.
      - social sensitivity: findings report poor outcomes for late- adopted children, might effect self and others expectations.