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Genetics Week 11 - Coggle Diagram
Genetics Week 11
Genetic Makeup
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sticky ends: produced when the restriction enzyme cuts at one end of the sequence, between two bases on the same strand, then cuts on the opposite end of the complementary strand
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protein domain: region of the protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest
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synthetic block: double-stranded, sequence-verified genomic blocks up to 500 base pairs
Duplication/Replication
Vector: a DNA molecule used as a vehicle to artificially carry foreign genetic material into another cell, where it can be replicated and/or expressed.
Gene Family: a set of several similar genes, formed by duplication of a single original gene, and generally with similar biological functions.
Recombinant DNA: DNA that has been formed artificially by combining constituents from different organisms.
hybridization: process of interbreeding individuals from genetically distinct populations to produce a hybrid
Polylinker: a short DNA sequence containing two or more different sites for cleavage by restriction enzymes.
ddNTPs: Dideoxynucleosides triphosphates which are used in Sanger dideoxy method to produce different lengths of DNA strands for DNA sequencing.
genetic relatedness
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De Novo Gene: is the process by which new genes evolve from DNA sequences that were ancestrally non-genic.
consensus sequence: sequence of DNA, RNA, or protein that represents aligned, related sequences
Natural Selection: the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Separation
alternative RNA splicing: intronic RNA is removed from the pre-mRNA and the exons are joined in the mature mRNA
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Genomic Equivalent: the amount of DNA necessary to be present in a purified sample to guarantee that all genes will be present.
Selectable Marker: a gene introduced into a cell, especially a bacterium or to cells in culture, that confers a trait suitable for artificial selection.
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