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TYPES OF 20th CENTURY WARS - Coggle Diagram
TYPES OF 20th CENTURY WARS
CIVIL WARS
Where are they fought
Between cities
How are they fought
Combatants aim to take control of the political and legal institutions of the state.
Few civil wars end in compromise, but rather are fought until one side or the other is victorious or gains its aim.
This war is more ‘personal’ and often involves people choosing a side and making a commitment for a variety of reasons.
Definition
Conflicts fought between 2 factions or regions of the same country. Warring sides have different ideas in different topics.
Examples
Spanish Civil War (1936–39)
Chinese Civil War (1927 - 1951)
LIMITED WAR
Where are they fought
Regions, different countries
How are they fought
• Confining the geographical area in which fighting takes place.
• Limiting the type of targets that can be attacked.
• Limiting the weapons that can be used.
• Limiting the degree of mobilization.
Definition
Idea of limiting or constraining the way in which war is conducted.
Examples
Korean War (1950–53)
Vietnam War (1963–75)
TOTAL WARS
Where are they fought
Countries all around the world
How are they fought
• Creating a large fighting force through the use of conscription.
• Using civilians in the war effort.
• Using all weapons available and developing new ones in order to ensure victory.
• Government control of key aspects of the economy, so that it can be directed into the war effort.
• Government control of the media in order to maintain civilian morale and also to ensure that the population sees the enemy as one that must be defeated at all costs.
• The targeting of civilians as well as combatants in the quest for ‘total’ victory over the enemy’s political, social and military structures.
Definition
A country uses all its human, economic, military, industrial, natural, material, educational and human resources to fight the war and ensure complete victory over the enemy. One or more combatants commit all of its resources to the war effort.
Examples
WW1 (1914 - 1918)
WW2 (1939 - 1945)
GUERRILLA WARFARE
How are they fought
Rather than trying to attack an enemy head-on with conventional tactics, small groups of fighters use tactics such as ambush and small-unit raids against a larger and less mobile formal army. It can also be seen more as a tactic employed in war rather than a distinct type of war itself.
Examples
Cuban Revolution (1953 - 1959)
Algerian War (1954 - 1962)
Where are they fought
Mountains, jungles
Definition
‘Unconventional warfare’. Tactic employed in war rather than a distinct type of war itself.