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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM, PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT - Coggle…
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM, PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IS PLANNING?
- Organizing the future to achieve certain objectives
- Possess strong element of predictability to envision the future
- Planning is concerned with anticipating and regulating change in a system to promote orderly development to increase the social, economic and environmental benefits as part of development process.
Planning becomes 'an ordered sequence of operations, design to lead to the achievement of either a single goal or to a balance between several goals'.
- Gun (1979) defines tourism planning as a tool for destination area development, and a means for assessing the needs of a tourists receiving destination.
- According to Gunn (1994) the focus of planning is mainly to generate income and employment, and ensure resource conservation and traveler satisfaction.
- Planning helps under or low developed destinations to receive guidelines for future tourism.
- For already developed countries, planning can be used as means "to revitalize the tourism sector and maintain its future viability"
- Major types of planning practice today:
- Economic development planning
- Physical land use planning
- Infrastructure planning (water supply, electric disposal, telecommunication, etc)
- Park & recreation planning (for environmental purposes)
- Corporate planning
- Urban regional planning
TRAVEL
- Refers to the activity of travelers. A traveler is someone who moves between different geopraphic locations, for any purpose at any duration. The visitor is a particular type of traveler and consequently tourism is a subset of travel.
WHAT IS TOURISM?
- A collection of activities, services and industries which deliver a travel experience comprising transportation, accommodation, eating and drinking establishments, retail shops, entertainment businesses and other hospitality services provided for individuals or groups traveling away from home.
*
- is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/ professional purposes. *These people are called visitors (which may be either tourists or excursionists; residents or non-residents) and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply tourism expenditure.
WHAT IS TOURISM?
- Tourism as a concept of space and time.
- Space=travel away from home location or region
*Time=time spent away from home location
- Different terms exists:
- Example; International tourists, International excursionists, domestic tourists
WHAT IS DEVELOPMENT?
- is a process or a state.
- State refers to relative condition of the subject of interest .
- It requires the acceptance unit of measurements.
EXAMPLE: GNP, GDP, DNI (Goulet 1968 from Pearce 1989)
- Process refers to physical change
- A process where a society moves from one condition to another, and to the goal of that process; where the society may achieve condition or state of development.
- is closely related virtually with progress, implying positive transformation or 'good change'.
- To relate definition of development with tourism is more on the aspect of the goal of or justification for developing tourism.
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