Physiological Integrity: Compartment Syndrome

Pathophysiology:

Risk Factors:

Signs and Symptoms:

Complications:

Diagnostic and Labs:

Collaborative treatment:

Etiology: Trauma, tight casts/splints, venous obstruction, vascular injury, 3rd degree burns

Severe pain

Loss of motor funtion

Firm feeling of area

Reduce pressure (remove dressings and casts)

Limb placed at level of the heart

Fasciotomy

Intracompartmental pressures

CPK

Urine myoglobin

Fractures

Venous injury

Revascularization procedures

Paralysis of extremity

Rhabdomyolysis

Acute kidney injury

Difficulty moving extremity

poor skin color

Pressure in the facia compartment occurs from damage

This causes inflammation, bleeding, or a hematoma

Swelling occurs in the compartment causing the bone and fascia to prevent tissue expansion

Pressure increases in the tissues, nerves, and blood vessels

Microcirculation stops when the tissue pressure equal diastolic pressure, causing a decrease in muscle oxygenation due to interstitial pressure equaling MAP

Ischemia and necrosis begins in as little as 4 hours, and irreversible damage occurs within 12 hours

Anabolic steroid use

serial neurovascular checks to effected extremity