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Nutrition in Humans - Coggle Diagram
Nutrition in Humans
Digestion
Oesophagus
Circular and longitudinal muscles work together to carry out peristalsis, pushing food down
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One muscle must contract and the other relax, cannot be both contract/relax at the same time
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Stomach
Hydrochloric acid found inside, with pH1.5 -3.5
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Small Intestine
Jejunum
Mainly absorbs nutrients from digested food through villi, which increase surface area for diffusion to happen faster
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The process of breaking down complex food molecules into simpler ones to be absorbed into the bloodstream
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Pancrease
Produces pancreatic juice, which is alkaline to neutralize acidic chyme
Large Intestine
Ascending colon and descending colon, both of which absorb water
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What is nutrition?
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Examples of nutrients
Carbohydrates
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Monosaccharides
Single molecules, eg. glucose, fructose
Proteins
Molecules essential for growth and repair of cells, also the building block of DNA
Fats
Made of glycerol and fatty acids, very energy heavy
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Assimilation
Food molecules can be assimilated to provide energy, for example the oxidization of glucose