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Hormones and reproduction drugs - Coggle Diagram
Hormones and reproduction drugs
Male Reproductive system
ANDROGENS; are male sex hormones, which include testosterone that is produced in the testes and androgens which are produced in the adrenal gland
NAMES: Danazol, Fluoxymesterone, Testosterone and Methyltestosteron
MECHANISM OF ACTION: Growth and development of male sex organs and the maintainance of secondary male sex characteristics. Increased protein anabolism and decreased protein catabolism
INDICATIONS: Danazol is used for treatment of endometriosis, fibrocystic breast disease, and hereditary angioedema
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Prostate cancer, Breast cancer, Liver dysfunction and CV disorder
SIDE EFFECTS: 1. ANDROGEN EFFECTS - Acne, edema, deepening of the voice, decrease in breast size, and testicular atrophy.
ANTIESTROGEN EFFECTS - Flushing, sweating, vaginitis, nervousness, and emotional lability
COMMON EFFECTS - Include headache, dizziness, sleep disorders, and fatigue, rash, and altered serum electrolyte
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: BUCCAL ROUTE - has a slow onset and a maximum peak of 10 to 12 hours
IM ROUTE - also has a slow onset and maximum peak of 1 to 3 days
Anabolic steriods are stestosterone analogues that have been developed to produce the tissue-building effects of testosterone with less androgenic effect
MECHANISM OFACTION: Promote body tissue-building processes.
Reverse catabolic or tissue-destroying processes
Increase hemoglobin and red blood cell mass
INDICATIONS: Anemias, certain cancers, and angioedema
Promote weight gain and tissue repair in debilitated patients
Increases muscle mass
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Coronary disease, prostate cancer, Breast cancer and Liver dysfunction
SIDE EFFECTS: Prepubertal males: virilization
Postpubertal males: inhibition of testicular function, gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, baldness, and change in libido
NAMES: Oxandrolone Andoxymetholone
PENILE ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION: is a condition in which the corpus cavemosum does not fill with blood to allow for penile erection.
Approved drugs for treatment of penile erectile dysfunction include prostaglandin alprostadil and photsphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) receptor inhibitor sildenafil
MECHANISM OF ACTION: Alprostadil acts locally to relax the vascular smooth muscle. PDE5 receptor inhibitors act to increase nitrous oxide levels in the corpus cavemosum. Nitrous oxide activates the enzyme cyclic guanosine monophosphate
INDICATIONS: The treatment of penile erectile dysfunction
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Bleeding disorders, Optic neuropathy, CV disease, renal disorders
SIDE EFFECTS: Alprostadil - pain at injection site, infection, priapism, fribrosis, rash
PDE5 INHIBITORS: Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, urinary tract infection, Diarrhea, dizziness, possible eight cranial nerve toxicity and loss of hearing
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: Buccal route with an onset of 15-30 minutes and peak of 30-120 minutes
NAMES: Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Alprostadil and Vardenafil
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
SEX HORMONES
ESTROGENS
NAMES: Estradiol, Estrogens conjugated, Estropitate, Desogestrel, Etonogestrel, Levonorgestrel, Estrogens Esterified
MECHANISM OF ACTION: used for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in small doses when ovarian activity is blocked or absent. Treat female hypogonadism and ovarian failure, to prevent postpartum breast enlargement
INDICATIONS: Responsible for estrogen effects on the body.
Affect the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) responsible for the proliferation of the endomentrial lining
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Can interfere with the renal excretion of the drug and increase the risk for potential adverse effects on fluid and electrolyte balance
PROGESTIN INCLUDE TE