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IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT DRUGS - Coggle Diagram
IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT DRUGS
etanercept
SIDE EFFECTS : a blocked or runny nose, sore throat, feeling sick or vomiting, mild fever, headaches.
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CONTRAINDICATION: patients with sepsis, Patients should not start etanercept during active bacterial infections, including tuberculosis (active or latent), active herpes zoster infection, active or chronic untreated Hepatitis B or C infection, or active invasive fungal infections.
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MACHANISM OF ACTION; Etanercept is a biologic tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor; the drug acts as a soluble TNF receptor and binds TNF-alpha and TNF-beta. [6] TNF is a cytokine that can bind to TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) or TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) and is involved in inflammation and the immune response.
Methotrexate. :
SIDE EFFECTS: Dizziness, lightheadedness, drowsiness, constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision, difficulty urinating, and weight gain may occur.
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CONTRAINDICATION:is contraindicated in cases of coma or CNS depression due to alcohol, hypnotics, analgesics or narcotics. It is also contraindicated in patients with blood dyscrasia, hepatic troubles or a sensitivity to phenothiazines.
INDICATION: Psychotic disturbances, acute and chronic schizophrenias, senile psychoses, manic-depressive syndromes. analgesic adjunct. an antiemetic, For the treatment of nausea and vomiting of central origin.
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MACHANISM OF ACTION: The medication blocks dopamine receptors to help lessen overactivity of dopamine in the brain, which is often found in people with schizophrenia.
Ciclosporin.
CONTRAINDICATIONS : infection, cancer of malainment, high cholesterol, HBP
SIDE EFFECTS: increase hair growth, high blood pressure, numbness or tingling of hands, tremors and restlessness.
INDICATION : organ transplantation, it has clinical use for the treatment of organ rejection in kidney, liver, and heart allogeneic transplants.
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MACHANISM OF ACTION : Cyclosporine is a potent immunomodulatory agent with an increasing number of clinical applications. Its major mode of action is inhibition of the production of cytokines involved in the regulation of T-cell activation. In particular, cyclosporine inhibits the transcription of interleukin.
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION : it can be oral, intramuscular or intravenous.
Azathioprine.
SIDE EFFECTS: Increased stomach irritation, abdominal pain, Nausea and vomiting, Loss of appetite.
STORAGE CONDITION: Keep away from children · Keep in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight, and stored at a temperature that does not exceed 35 °C.
CONTRAINDICATION: a bad infection, significant anemia, decreased blood platelets, severe decrease in white blood cells.
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INDICATION: Kidney Transplantation, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus Nephritis, Crohn Disease.
MACHANISM OF ACTION : Azathioprine (AZA) is an immunosuppressive agent that acts through its effects as an antagonist of purine metabolism, resulting in the inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.