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Activity 3 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - • Liponecrosis corresponds to infarction (necrosis) of adipose tissue, in this case, of the breast. Its importance is that your scar on mammography can simulate a malignant lesion, which requires a biopsy. A history of liponecrosis does NOT increase the risk of cancer.
  - - - Clinic: puerperal mastitis without treatment or with irregular treatment that evolves with encapsulation of the infection, with fluctuating volume increase, erythema and breast pain.
      - Management: suspension of lactation and surgical resolution with drainage. Ideally in pavilion.
      - Relatively frequent complication of puerperal mastitis.
    - - Etiopathogenesis: its origin is multifactorial, with poor breastfeeding technique being the main factor, along with poor hand hygiene and stasis of the milk ducts. The most frequent etiological agents are the bacterial flora of the skin (Staphylococcus 98% and Streptococcus).
      - Clinic: It presents as a picture of myalgia, headache, fever and unilateral local symptoms such as erythema, pain and breast enlargement. There may be a purulent discharge from the nipple
      - It is the most frequent breast disease and one of the frequent complications of breastfeeding (see the corresponding chapter). It does NOT contraindicate breastfeeding.
      - Management: maintain lactation, with more frequent feedings (and less volume), improve breastfeeding technique, use of NSAIDs, paracetamol and antibiotics (flucloxacillin 500 mg / 8h x 10 days).
  - - - Frequent phenomenon, especially in the 3rd and 4th decade of life and which is currently understood as a condition and not a pathology. Its etiology is uncertain, although it has traditionally been associated with a hormonal imbalance
  - - - Clinic: mammary tumor in a young woman, generally single (20% multiple and 15% bilateral) of variable size (80% between 1 and 3 cm), asymptomatic and slow growing. On physical examination, a mobile mass of rubbery consistency, well defined, with smooth edges and not adhered to planes, can be palpated.
      - Study: its confirmation is made with ultrasound or mammography.
      - It is the most common benign breast tumor. It usually occurs in young women (20-35 years).
      - Management: annual imaging control to assess growth and rule out other lesions. In case of growth, or of large fibroadenoma (> 3-5 cm) or in case malignant pathology cannot be ruled out, surgical resection (lumpectomy) is performed.
- - - - HIGHER RISK FACTORS
        
        Previous biopsy with atypical epithelial hyperplasia
        
        Family history of breast cancer (mother or sister)
        
        Personal history of breast cancer
        
        Presence of BRCA-1 and 2 gene mutation
        
        Chest radiation therapy before age 30
        
        Increased mammographic density
      - MINOR RISK FACTORS
        
        Family history (relative> 60 years)
        
        Reproductive factors
        
        Age
        
        Benign proliferative breast diseases
        
        Chronic alcohol intake
        
        Some HRT6