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- - - - which makes breathing difficult
        
        In emphysema, the lung alveoli are damaged
        
        This interferes with oxygen uptake.
        
        causes shortness of breath
  - - - inflamed airways become irritated during inhalation
        
        The smooth muscle of the airway wall tightens
        
        causes bronchoconstriction and excessive mucus production
        
        Narrow and obstructed airways restrict the normal flow of air into and out of the lungs
        
        People with asthma have wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath during an attack.
  - - - The sinuses are lined by mucous membranes
        
        They produce mucus that normally drains into the nasal cavities
        
        Airborne allergens and viral or bacterial infections
        
        can inflame mucous membranes
        
        Inflammation clogs the sinus openings and prevents mucus from draining
        
        This is a common condition called sinusitis
        
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  - - - The infection spreads as the virus replicates
        
        destroying host cells and entering the bloodstream
        
        The body's immune response causes high fever, chills, and muscle aches
  - - - Air pressure pushes from outside the lung until it collapses.
        
        When a lung completely collapses it is called a pneumothorax
        
        generating fatigue, dizziness and fainting
- - - - Pain can be acute or chronic, focal or diffuse
        
        Lower back pain is the most common example of chronic musculoskeletal pain
        
        Other examples include tendinitis and tendinosis, neuropathies, myalgia, and stress fractures
  - - - Inflammation can induce fibrotic scar formation
        
        which reduces the flight of tissues during movement
        
        leading to elongation injuries and more pain
    - - the increase in inflammatory mediators induces increases in matrix metalloproteinases
        
        reducing tolerance to tissue loading and producing more injuries and more pain
    - - the injury induces an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators
        
        in affected tissues and systemically
    - - levels of substance P, calcitonin-related peptides
        
        are elevated in the
        
        tendons, dorsal root ganglia, and dorsal horns of the spine
      - N-methylated-daspartate (NMDA)
    - - hypersensitivity, with increases in the levels of neurotransmitters
        
        inflammatory mediators and cytokines
        
        produces a sensitization of peripheral nociceptors
        
        central amplification of pain
  - - - These tests are recommended by the Multinational Musculoskeletal Inception Cohort Study
        
        The upper-body musculoskeletal assessment (UMBA) instrument
  - - - in associated musculoskeletal or neural tissues
- - - - Precedes erythema by two to four days, but may be longer
  - - - there are two syndromes of the which have been suspected to be strongly influenced by dysfunction of the sympathetic system
        
        Commitment often spreads to other systems outside the nervous system, such as the musculoskeletal, integumentary, and vascular, thus causing direct functional compromise
  - - - this means that the patient perceives that he still has the limb amputated
        
        some even have the distinct impression that it can be mobilized or play
        
        Sometimes the sensation is less specific and can manifest as weight, numbness or a feeling of mass
  - - - The pain is deep in the tissues and limited to nervous territory
        
        Causalgia can appear 24 hours later injury or remain latent days or months after injury
        
        must always be incomplete since in a complete injury it is never observe this symptomatology
  - - - The most common syndrome is symmetric distal neuropathy sensory
        
        although in the involvement of isolated nerves the symptoms affect only its specific territory
        
        Like the rest of neuropathic pain pathologies
        
        functional alterations spread to the spinal cord and brain
  - - - Both may have symptoms that include sensory symptoms such as allodynia, spontaneous pain, and hyperalgesia
        
        pain improves when limb is elevated
        
        pain is aggravated by pressure on the joints or movements
- - - - . Pain, numbness, weakness, and a cold feeling in the legs or arms if the blood vessels in those parts of the body narrow
        
        Your heart may be beating toó fast, toó slow, or irregularly
        
        Signs and symptoms of cardiac arrhythmia may include the following
        
        Fluttering sensation in the chest
        
        Fast heartbeat (tachycardia)
        
        Slow heartbeat (bradycardia)
        
        Chest pain or discomfort
        
        Shortness of breath
        
        Daze
        
        Dizziness
        
        Fainting (syncope) or almost fainting
  - - - There are many causes of chest pain that have nothing to do with your heart
        
        chest pain is still the most common symptom of poor blood flow to the heart or a heart attack.
        
        This type of chest pain is known as angina
        
        Chest pain can occur when the heart is not getting enough blood or oxygen
        
        The amount and type of pain can vary from person to person
        
        The intensity of the pain is not always related to how bad the problem is
  - - - the blood flows back into the veins that lead from the lungs to the heart
        
        Fluid leaks into the lungs and causes shortness of breath
        
        symptom of heart failure
  - - - You may also cough up mucus that is pink or bloody
  - - - But feeling exhausted can be a sign of a more serious problem
        
        Fatigue can be a sign of heart problems when
        
        You feel more tired than usual
        
        It is common for women to feel very tired before or during a heart attack
        
        You feel so tired that you cannot do your normal daily activities
        
        You have sudden and severe weakness
  - - - You may feel your heart beating fast or pounding
        
        A fast or irregular heartbeat can also be a sign of an arrhythmia
        
        This is a problem with your heart rate or rhythm